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Observation of the Primo Vessel Approaching the Axillary Lymph Node with the Fluorescent Dye, DiI.

ABSTRACT: The primo vascular system (PVS) floating in lymph fluid has mostly been observed in large caliber ducts around the caudal vena cava and the thoracic duct of rabbits, rats, and mice. But the PVS has not been traced up to the lymph nodes. It has not been established whether the PVS leaves the lymph vessel through the lymph vessel wall or it enters the lymph nodes. Therefore, observing the PVS entering a lymph node, for example, the axillary node, is desirable. In the current work, we traced the PVS approaching up to the surface of axillary node of a rat. The method used for this study was based upon a method that was recently developed to detect the PVS in the lymph duct from the inguinal to the axillary nodes in the skin of a rat by injecting Alcian blue into the inguinal node. However, the Alcian blue blurred near the lymph nodes and tracing the PVS up to the lymph nodes has not been possible. The current method clearly showed the PVS approaching the axillary node.

SUBMITTER: Park SY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4247911 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Observation of the Primo Vessel Approaching the Axillary Lymph Node with the Fluorescent Dye, DiI.

Park Su Youn SY Chang Byung-Soo BS Lee Seung Hwan SH Yoon Ju Hwan JH Kim Sungchul S Soh Kwang-Sup KS

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM 20141116

The primo vascular system (PVS) floating in lymph fluid has mostly been observed in large caliber ducts around the caudal vena cava and the thoracic duct of rabbits, rats, and mice. But the PVS has not been traced up to the lymph nodes. It has not been established whether the PVS leaves the lymph vessel through the lymph vessel wall or it enters the lymph nodes. Therefore, observing the PVS entering a lymph node, for example, the axillary node, is desirable. In the current work, we traced the PV ...[more]

PMID: 25477989

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Project description:PurposeSentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) alone following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) remains controversial in patients with breast cancer who are initially lymph node-positive. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of SLNB and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) on breast cancer recurrence and survival in patients who converted from lymph node-positive to pathological node-negative (ypN0) after NAC.MethodsThis single-center retrospective study included 223 patients who converted to axillary lymph node-negative status after NAC and underwent breast and axillary surgery between January 2006 and December 2015. This study compared the overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), ipsilateral axillary lymph node recurrence rates and incidence of postoperative complications, especially, arm lymphedema and shoulder stiffness between SLNB and ALND.ResultsThis study included 223 patients with axillary pathological complete response (pCR) after NAC and surgery. The SLNB and ALND groups included 94 and 129 patients, respectively. The median follow-up time was 57 (range, 6-155) in the SLNB group and 99 (range 2-159) months in the ALND group. The corresponding 5-year OS and DFS rates were 96.3% and 94.2% (p = 0.392), and 89.2% and 86.4% (p = 0.671), respectively. Four patients (4.3%) in the SLNB group and nine (7.0%) in the ALND group developed locoregional recurrences. Ipsilateral axillary lymph node recurrence and distant metastasis were observed in one (1.1%) and three (2.3%) patients, and in 10 (10.6%) and 11 (8.5%) patients, respectively. Patients in the ALND group were more likely than their SLNB counterparts to experience complications, such as shoulder stiffness (9 [7.0%] vs. 4 [4.3%] patients, p = 0.57). The rate of lymphedema in the ALND group was three times that in the SLNB group (35 [27.1%] vs. 8 [8.5%] patients, p < 0.001).ConclusionAs an alternative to ALND, SLNB has oncological safety in patients with axillary pathological complete response after NAC.

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Observation of the Primo Vessel Approaching the Axillary Lymph Node with the Fluorescent Dye, DiI.

Publications

Observation of the Primo Vessel Approaching the Axillary Lymph Node with the Fluorescent Dye, DiI.

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