Dataset Information

Mutualistic interaction between Salmonella enterica and Aspergillus niger and its effects on Zea mays colonization.

ABSTRACT: Salmonella?Typhimurium inhabits a variety of environments and is able to infect a broad range of hosts. Throughout its life cycle, some hosts can act as intermediates in the path to the infection of others. Aspergillus niger is a ubiquitous fungus that can often be found in soil or associated to plants and microbial consortia. Recently, S.?Typhimurium was shown to establish biofilms on the hyphae of A.?niger. In this work, we have found that this interaction is stable for weeks without a noticeable negative effect on either organism. Indeed, bacterial growth is promoted upon the establishment of the interaction. Moreover, bacterial biofilms protect the fungus from external insults such as the effects of the anti-fungal agent cycloheximide. Thus, the Salmonella-Aspergillus interaction can be defined as mutualistic. A tripartite gnotobiotic system involving the bacterium, the fungus and a plant revealed that co-colonization has a greater negative effect on plant growth than colonization by either organism in dividually. Strikingly, co-colonization also causes a reduction in plant invasion by S.?Typhimurium. This work demonstrates that S.?Typhimurium and A.?niger establish a mutualistic interaction that alters bacterial colonization of plants and affects plant physiology.

SUBMITTER: Balbontin R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4265077 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Mutualistic interaction between Salmonella enterica and Aspergillus niger and its effects on Zea mays colonization.

Balbontín Roberto R Vlamakis Hera H Kolter Roberto R

Microbial biotechnology 20141101 6

Salmonella Typhimurium inhabits a variety of environments and is able to infect a broad range of hosts. Throughout its life cycle, some hosts can act as intermediates in the path to the infection of others. Aspergillus niger is a ubiquitous fungus that can often be found in soil or associated to plants and microbial consortia. Recently, S. Typhimurium was shown to establish biofilms on the hyphae of A. niger. In this work, we have found that this interaction is stable for weeks without a noticea ...[more]

PMID: 25351041

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Project description:The interaction between Aspergillus flavus and Zea mays is complex, and the identification of plant genes and pathways conferring resistance to the fungus has been challenging. Therefore authors undertook a systems biology approach involving dual RNA-seq to determine simultaneous response from the host and pathogen. What was dramatically highlighted in the analysis was upon infection there is uniformity in the development of the host and pathogen. This led to the development of host-pathogen index which was able to categorize the samples for down-stream system biology analysis. Additionally we were able to determine key genes in the pathways such as jasmonate, ethylene and ROS which were up-regulated in the studyThe stage of infection index used for the transcriptomic analysis revealed that A. flavus does not produce many transcripts initially during pathogenesis. It was found that when A. flavus was producing an abundance of transcripts, pathways involved the endosomal transport, aflatoxin production, sugar production and many others were up-regulated. In tandem, Z. mays had multiple resistance pathways, such as the phenylpropaniod, jasmonic acid and ethylene pathways that were up-regulated. The analysis of the gene regulatory networks revealed that multiple WRKY genes were targeting the activation of the resistance pathways. The analysis also revealed, for the first time, the activation of Z. mays resistance genes targeting A. flavus genes. Our results show that the plant-microbe interaction has multiple layers and that A. flavus transcriptionally reacts to the hostile environment of Z. mays. The interaction between Aspergillus flavus and Zea mays is complex, and the identification of plant genes and pathways conferring resistance to the fungus has been challenging. Therefore authors undertook a systems biology approach involving dual RNA-seq to determine simultaneous response from the host and pathogen. What was dramatically highlighted in the analysis was upon infection there is uniformity in the development of the host and pathogen. This led to the development of host-pathogen index which was able to categorize the samples for down-stream system biology analysis. Additionally we were able to determine key genes in the pathways such as jasmonate, ethylene and ROS which were up-regulated in the studyThe stage of infection index used for the transcriptomic analysis revealed that A. flavus does not produce many transcripts initially during pathogenesis. It was found that when A. flavus was producing an abundance of transcripts, pathways involved the endosomal transport, aflatoxin production, sugar production and many others were up-regulated. In tandem, Z. mays had multiple resistance pathways, such as the phenylpropaniod, jasmonic acid and ethylene pathways that were up-regulated. The analysis of the gene regulatory networks revealed that multiple WRKY genes were targeting the activation of the resistance pathways. The analysis also revealed, for the first time, the activation of Z. mays resistance genes targeting A. flavus genes. Our results show that the plant-microbe interaction has multiple layers and that A. flavus transcriptionally reacts to the hostile environment of Z. mays. The interaction between Aspergillus flavus and Zea mays is complex, and the identification of plant genes and pathways conferring resistance to the fungus has been challenging. Therefore authors undertook a systems biology approach involving dual RNA-seq to determine simultaneous response from the host and pathogen. What was dramatically highlighted in the analysis was upon infection there is uniformity in the development of the host and pathogen. This led to the development of host-pathogen index which was able to categorize the samples for down-stream system biology analysis. Additionally we were able to determine key genes in the pathways such as jasmonate, ethylene and ROS which were up-regulated in the studyThe stage of infection index used for the transcriptomic analysis revealed that A. flavus does not produce many transcripts initially during pathogenesis. It was found that when A. flavus was producing an abundance of transcripts, pathways involved the endosomal transport, aflatoxin production, sugar production and many others were up-regulated. In tandem, Z. mays had multiple resistance pathways, such as the phenylpropaniod, jasmonic acid and ethylene pathways that were up-regulated. The analysis of the gene regulatory networks revealed that multiple WRKY genes were targeting the activation of the resistance pathways. The analysis also revealed, for the first time, the activation of Z. mays resistance genes targeting A. flavus genes. Our results show that the plant-microbe interaction has multiple layers and that A. flavus transcriptionally reacts to the hostile environment of Z. mays.

Dataset Information

Mutualistic interaction between Salmonella enterica and Aspergillus niger and its effects on Zea mays colonization.

Publications

Mutualistic interaction between Salmonella enterica and Aspergillus niger and its effects on Zea mays colonization.

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