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Genes related to emphysema are enriched for ubiquitination pathways.

ABSTRACT: Increased small airway resistance and decreased lung elasticity contribute to the airflow limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The lesion that corresponds to loss of lung elasticity is emphysema; the small airway obstruction is due to inflammatory narrowing and obliteration. Despite their convergence in altered physiology, different mechanisms contribute to these processes. The relationships between gene expression and these specific phenotypes may be more revealing than comparison with lung function.We measured the ratio of alveolar surface area to lung volume (SA/V) in lung tissue from 43 smokers. Two samples from 21 subjects, in which SA/V differed by >49 cm2/mL were profiled to select genes whose expression correlated with SA/V. Significant genes were tested for replication in the 22 remaining subjects.The level of expression of 181 transcripts was related to SA/V ( p < 0.05). When these genes were tested in the 22 remaining subjects as a replication, thirty of the 181 genes remained significantly associated with SA/V (P < 0.05) and the direction of association was the same in 164/181. Pathway and network analysis revealed enrichment of genes involved in protein ubiquitination, and western blotting showed altered expression of genes involved in protein ubiquitination in obstructed individuals.This study implicates modified protein ubiquitination and degradation as a potentially important pathway in the pathogenesis of emphysema.

SUBMITTER: Stepaniants S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4280711 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genes related to emphysema are enriched for ubiquitination pathways.

Stepaniants Sergey S Wang I-Ming IM Boie Yves Y Mortimer James J Kennedy Brian B Elliott Mark M Hayashi Shizu S Luo Honglin H Wong Jerry J Loy Leanna L Coulter Silvija S Roberts Christopher J CJ Hogg James C JC Sin Don D DD O'Neill Gary G Crackower Michael M Morris Melody M Paré Peter D PD Obeidat Ma'en M

BMC pulmonary medicine 20141129

<h4>Background</h4>Increased small airway resistance and decreased lung elasticity contribute to the airflow limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The lesion that corresponds to loss of lung elasticity is emphysema; the small airway obstruction is due to inflammatory narrowing and obliteration. Despite their convergence in altered physiology, different mechanisms contribute to these processes. The relationships between gene expression and these specific phenotypes may be mo ...[more]

PMID: 25432663

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Project description:BackgroundRecent studies have placed gene expression in the context of distribution profiles including housekeeping, graded, and bimodal (switch-like). Single-gene studies have shown bimodal expression results from healthy cell signaling and complex diseases such as cancer, however developing a comprehensive list of human bimodal genes has remained a major challenge due to inherent noise in human microarray data. This study presents a two-component mixture analysis of mouse gene expression data for genes on the Affymetrix MG-U74Av2 array for the detection and annotation of switch-like genes. Two-component normal mixtures were fit to the data to identify bimodal genes and their potential roles in cell signaling and disease progression.ResultsSeventeen percent of the genes on the MG-U74Av2 array (1519 out of 9091) were identified as bimodal or switch-like. KEGG pathways significantly enriched for bimodal genes included ECM-receptor interaction, cell communication, and focal adhesion. Similarly, the GO biological process "cell adhesion" and cellular component "extracellular matrix" were significantly enriched. Switch-like genes were found to be associated with such diseases as congestive heart failure, Alzheimer's disease, arteriosclerosis, breast neoplasms, hypertension, myocardial infarction, obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, and type I and type II diabetes. In diabetes alone, over two hundred bimodal genes were in a different mode of expression compared to normal tissue.ConclusionThis research identified and annotated bimodal or switch-like genes in the mouse genome using a large collection of microarray data. Genes with bimodal expression were enriched within the cell membrane and extracellular environment. Hundreds of bimodal genes demonstrated alternate modes of expression in diabetic muscle, pancreas, liver, heart, and adipose tissue. Bimodal genes comprise a candidate set of biomarkers for a large number of disease states because their expressions are tightly regulated at the transcription level.

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Genes related to emphysema are enriched for ubiquitination pathways.

Publications

Genes related to emphysema are enriched for ubiquitination pathways.

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