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Validation of a pediatric oral health-related quality of life scale in Navajo children.

ABSTRACT: American Indian (AI) children experience the highest rates of early childhood caries (ECC) in the USA, yet no tool has been validated to measure the impact of ECC on their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).To validate a pediatric OHRQoL scale in a preschool, rural, reservation-based AI population.In 2011 and 2012, we measured the OHRQoL of AI children attending Head Start in Navajo Nation with the 12-item preschool version of the pediatric oral health-related quality of life (POQL) scale administered to their parents/caregivers. Parents/caregivers also reported their children's subjective oral health status (OHS) and oral health behavior adherence. Concurrently, calibrated dental examiners measured the children's decayed, missing, and filled tooth surfaces (dmfs). Validation was assessed with internal reliability and convergent and divergent validity testing and exploratory factor analyses.We measured the outcomes in 928 caregiver-child dyads. All children were AI and in preschool [mean (SD) child age was 4.1 (0.5) years]. The majority of children had experienced decay [dmfs: 89 %, mean (SD): 21.5 (19.9)] and active decay [any ds: 70 %, mean (SD): 6.0 (8.3)]. The mean (SD) overall POQL score was 4.0 (9.0). The POQL scale demonstrated high internal consistency reliability (Cronbach alpha = 0.87). Convergent validity of the POQL scale was established with highly significant associations between POQL and caries experience, OHS, and adherence to oral health behaviors (all ps < 0.0001).The POQL scale is a reliable and valid measure of OHRQoL in preschoolers from the Navajo Nation.

SUBMITTER: Braun PA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4282938 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Validation of a pediatric oral health-related quality of life scale in Navajo children.

Braun Patricia A PA Lind Kimberly E KE Henderson William G WG Brega Angela G AG Quissell David O DO Albino Judith J

Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation 20140709 1

<h4>Background</h4>American Indian (AI) children experience the highest rates of early childhood caries (ECC) in the USA, yet no tool has been validated to measure the impact of ECC on their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).<h4>Objective</h4>To validate a pediatric OHRQoL scale in a preschool, rural, reservation-based AI population.<h4>Methods</h4>In 2011 and 2012, we measured the OHRQoL of AI children attending Head Start in Navajo Nation with the 12-item preschool version of the pe ...[more]

PMID: 25005885

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children and adolescents with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) has not yet been measured. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of OHRQoL measure for use in children and preadolescents with signs and symptoms of TMD. METHODS: Five hundred and forty-seven students aged 8-14 years were recruited from public schools in Piracicaba, Brazil. Self-perceptions of QoL were measured using the Brazilian Portuguese versions of Child Perceptions Questionnaires (CPQ)8-10 (n = 247) and CPQ11-14 (n = 300). A single examiner, trained and calibrated for diagnosis according to the Axis I of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD), examined the participants. A self-report questionnaire assessed subjective symptoms of TMD. Intraexaminer reliability was assessed for the RDC/TMD clinical examinations using Cohen's Kappa (?) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Criterion validity was calculated using the Spearman's correlation, construct validity using the Spearman's correlation and the Mann-Whitney test, and the magnitude of the difference between groups using effect size (ES). Reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha, alpha if the item was deleted and corrected item-total correlation. RESULTS: Intraexaminer reliability values ranged from regular (? = 0.30) to excellent (? = 0.96) for the categorical variables and from moderate (ICC = 0.49) to substantial (ICC = 0.74) for the continuous variables. Criterion validity was supported by significant associations between both CPQ scores and pain-related questions for the TMD groups. Mean CPQ8-10 scores were slightly higher for TMD children than control children (ES = 0.43). Preadolescents with TMD had moderately higher scores than the control ones (ES = 0.62; p < 0.0001). Significant correlation between the CPQ scores and global oral health, as well as overall well-being ratings (p < 0.001) occurred, supporting the construct validity. The Cronbach's alphas were 0.93 for CPQ8-10 and 0.94 for CPQ11-14. For the overall CPQ8-10 and CPQ11-14 scales, the corrected item-total correlation coefficients ranged from 0.39-0.76 and from 0.28-0.73, respectively. The alpha coefficients did not increase when any of the items were deleted in either CPQ samples. CONCLUSIONS: The questionnaires are valid and reliable for use in children and preadolescents with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder.

Project description:RationaleHaving developed the first disease-specific, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instruments for children with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), we aimed to assess the psychometric performance of quality of life (QOL)-PCD child, adolescent, and parent-proxy versions in terms of reliability and validity across cross-cultural settings and caring for patients with this rare disease.MethodsChildren (n = 71), adolescents (n = 85), and parents (n = 68) from multiple centers in the UK and North America completed age-appropriate QOL-PCD and generic QOL measures: pediatric QOL inventory, COPD assessment test (CAT), and Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 20. Total of 13 children, 13 parents, and 17 adolescents repeated QOL-PCD 10 to 14 days later to assess test-retest reliability. Multitrait analysis evaluated how the items loaded to hypothesized scales: physical, emotional & social functioning, treatment burden, role, vitality, upper and lower respiratory symptoms, and ears and hearing symptoms. Examination of item-to-total correlations led to removal of three, five, and six items, respectively in the prototype child, adolescent and parent-proxy versions; the validated measures now comprise between 34 and 38 items.ResultsThe QOL-PCD scales had good internal consistency; Cronbach's α for QOL-PCD parent-proxy ranged 0.62 to 0.86. Test-retest reliability demonstrated stability across all scales; for example QOL-PCD adolescent intraclass correlation coefficients ranged 0.71 to 0.89. Significant relationships were found between QOL-PCD scales and similar constructs on generic questionnaires, for example, QOL-PCD adolescent lower respiratory symptoms and the CAT score (r = .64, P < .01); weaker correlations were found between different constructs.ConclusionAge-specific QOL-PCD demonstrated good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and validity. QOL-PCD offers promising outcome measures for multicenter clinical trials, as well as monitoring symptoms, functioning, and QOL during routine care.

Project description:OBJECTIVES:To integrate items from two widely used oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) questionnaires, the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP), as well as culturally-specific items of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) into a four-dimensional OHRQoL model consisting of Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact. METHODS:Subjects came from an ancillary study of the Dimensions of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Project (N=267 patients, mean age±SD: 54.0±17.2years, 58% women.) Patients filled in the original 49 items of OHIP and 22 additional OHRQoL items in a cross-sectional study. These additional items consisted of 7 culturally specific OHIP items and 15 GOHAI or OIDP items with unique content not covered in OHIP-49. Before data collection, three experts hypothesized to which of the four OHRQoL dimensions these items belong. Hypotheses were tested in correlation analyses between the 22 items and the four dimension scores that were derived from OHIP-49. RESULTS:Five of the 22 items did not provide sufficient information to which dimension they belong. In 16 of the remaining 17 items, the pattern of correlation coefficients fitted experts' a priori hypotheses. Acceptance of 16 of the 17 hypotheses was interpreted as evidence that additional (not in OHIP-49 contained) OHRQoL items can be assigned to Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact. CONCLUSION:Items of three OHRQoL instruments can be integrated into a dimensional OHRQoL model consisting of Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE:Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact can serve as a simple and clinically appealing set of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) dimensions and therefore provide an opportunity for simpler, but psychometrically improved OHRQoL measurement in the future.

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Validation of a pediatric oral health-related quality of life scale in Navajo children.

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Validation of a pediatric oral health-related quality of life scale in Navajo children.

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