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A multi-locus study of cryptosporidium parasites isolated from patients living in iran, Malawi, Nigeria, the United kingdom, and Vietnam.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Cryptosporidium species are important cause of diarrheal diseases in both developing and developed countries. This study aimed to compare the performance of several molecular methods for identification of Cryptosporidium species, and to detect genetic variation among each of these species isolated from Iran, Malawi, Nigeria, Vietnam and the United Kingdom. METHODS:The oocysts DNA samples were derived from 106 Cryptosporidium positive feces. Polymerase chain reaction, PCR- restriction fragment length polymorphism and DNA sequence analysis of the 18S rRNA and the Cryptosporidium oocysts wall protein genes; PCR and DNA sequence analysis of a fragment of 70 kDa heat shock protein and 60 kDa glycoprotein genes were carried out. RESULTS:Based on these analysis, three species of Cryptosporidium including C. hominis, C. parvum and C. meleagridis, and both C. hominis and C. parvum were found in Iranian and the UK samples, respectively. Also, three C. hominis (Ib, Ib3& Id) and three C. parvum (IIa, IIc & IId) subtypes were identified by sequence analysis of the GP60 gene. Of these, C. hominis Ib was predominant and interestingly, one subgenotype (C. hominis Ib A10G2) accounted for the majority of the samples. CONCLUSION:The current study demonstrates the complex subtypes of Cryptosporidium isolates in both developing and developed countries. This is the first report of C. parvum IId subgenotype and three new subtypes of C. parvum IIa in the UK, a new subtype of C. hominis Id from Malawi; and the first multi-locus study of three species of Cryptosporidium in human from Iran.

SUBMITTER: Ghaffari S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4289884 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A multi-locus study of cryptosporidium parasites isolated from patients living in iran, Malawi, Nigeria, the United kingdom, and Vietnam.

Ghaffari Salman S Kalantari Narges N

Iranian journal of parasitology 20140301 1

<h4>Background</h4>Cryptosporidium species are important cause of diarrheal diseases in both developing and developed countries. This study aimed to compare the performance of several molecular methods for identification of Cryptosporidium species, and to detect genetic variation among each of these species isolated from Iran, Malawi, Nigeria, Vietnam and the United Kingdom.<h4>Methods</h4>The oocysts DNA samples were derived from 106 Cryptosporidium positive feces. Polymerase chain reaction, PC ...[more]

PMID: 25642263

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Project description:BackgroundThe prevalence of excess adiposity, as measured by elevated body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR), is increasing in sub-Saharan African (SSA) populations. This could add a considerable burden of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases for which these populations are currently ill-prepared. Evidence from white, European origin populations shows that higher adiposity leads to an adverse lipid profile; whether these associations are similar in all SSA populations requires further exploration. This study compared the association of BMI and WHR with lipid profile in urban Malawi with a contemporary cohort with contrasting socioeconomic, demographic, and ethnic characteristics in the United Kingdom (UK).MethodsWe used data from 1248 adolescents (mean 18.7 years) and 2277 Malawian adults (mean 49.8 years), all urban-dwelling, and from 3201 adolescents (mean 17.8 years) and 6323 adults (mean 49.7 years) resident in the UK. Adiposity measures and fasting lipids were assessed in both settings, and the associations of BMI and WHR with total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) were assessed by sex and age groups in both studies.ResultsMalawian female adults were more adipose and had more adverse lipid profiles than their UK counterparts. In contrast, Malawian adolescent and adult males were leaner and had more favourable lipid profiles than in the UK. Higher BMI and WHR were associated with increased TC, LDL-C and TG and reduced HDL-C in both settings. The magnitude of the associations of BMI and WHR with lipids was mostly similar or slightly weaker in the Malawian compared with the UK cohort in both adolescents and adults. One exception was the stronger association between increasing adiposity and elevated TC and LDL-C in Malawian compared to UK men.ConclusionsMalawian adult women have greater adiposity and more adverse lipid profiles compared with their UK counterparts. Similar associations of adiposity with adverse lipid profiles were observed for Malawian and UK adults in most age and sex groups studied. Sustained efforts are urgently needed to address the excess adiposity and adverse lipid profiles in Malawi to mitigate a future epidemic of cardio-metabolic disease among the poorest populations.

Dataset Information

A multi-locus study of cryptosporidium parasites isolated from patients living in iran, Malawi, Nigeria, the United kingdom, and Vietnam.

Publications

A multi-locus study of cryptosporidium parasites isolated from patients living in iran, Malawi, Nigeria, the United kingdom, and Vietnam.

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