Dataset Information

Application of positive airway pressure in restoring pulmonary function and thoracic mobility in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To evaluate whether the application of bilevel positive airway pressure in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery might be more effective in restoring lung volume and capacity and thoracic mobility than the separate application of expiratory and inspiratory positive pressure.

Method

Sixty morbidly obese adult subjects who were hospitalized for bariatric surgery and met the predefined inclusion criteria were evaluated. The pulmonary function and thoracic mobility were preoperatively assessed by spirometry and cirtometry and reevaluated on the 1st postoperative day. After preoperative evaluation, the subjects were randomized and allocated into groups: EPAP Group (n=20), IPPB Group (n=20) and BIPAP Group (n=20), then received the corresponding intervention: positive expiratory pressure (EPAP), inspiratory positive pressure breathing (IPPB) or bilevel inspiratory positive airway pressure (BIPAP), in 6 sets of 15 breaths or 30 minutes twice a day in the immediate postoperative period and on the 1st postoperative day, in addition to conventional physical therapy.

Results

There was a significant postoperative reduction in spirometric variables (p<0.05), regardless of the technique used, with no significant difference among the techniques (p>0.05). Thoracic mobility was preserved only in group BIPAP (p>0.05), but no significant difference was found in the comparison among groups (p>0.05).

Conclusion

The application of positive pressure does not seem to be effective in restoring lung function after bariatric surgery, but the use of bilevel positive pressure can preserve thoracic mobility, although this technique was not superior to the other techniques.

SUBMITTER: Brigatto P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4311600 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Nov-Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Application of positive airway pressure in restoring pulmonary function and thoracic mobility in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

Brigatto Patrícia P Carbinatto Jéssica C JC Costa Carolina M CM Montebelo Maria I L MI Rasera-Júnior Irineu I Pazzianotto-Forti Eli M EM

Brazilian journal of physical therapy 20141101 6

<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate whether the application of bilevel positive airway pressure in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery might be more effective in restoring lung volume and capacity and thoracic mobility than the separate application of expiratory and inspiratory positive pressure.<h4>Method</h4>Sixty morbidly obese adult subjects who were hospitalized for bariatric surgery and met the predefined inclusion criteria were evaluated. The pulmonary function and thoracic mobility w ...[more]

PMID: 25590448

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Project description:BackgroundBariatric surgery can trigger postoperative pulmonary complications due to factors inherent to the procedure, mainly due to diaphragmatic dysfunction.AimTo evaluate and compare the effects of two levels of positive pressure and exercises with inspiratory load on lung function, inspiratory muscle strength and respiratory muscle resistance, and the prevalence of atelectasis after gastroplasty.MethodsClinical, randomized and blind trial, with subjects submitted to bariatric surgery, allocated to two groups: positive pressure group, who received positive pressure at two levels during one hour and conventional respiratory physiotherapy and inspiratory load group, who performed exercises with load linear inspiratory pressure, six sets of 15 repetitions, in addition to conventional respiratory physiotherapy, both of which were applied twice in the immediate postoperative period and three times a day on the first postoperative day. Spirometry was performed for pulmonary function analysis, nasal inspiratory pressure for inspiratory muscle strength and incremental test of respiratory muscle resistance for sustained maximal inspiratory pressure, both preoperatively and on hospital discharge on the second postoperative day.ResultsThere was no significant difference (p> 0.05) in the expiratory reserve volume and in the tidal volume in the pre and postoperative periods when compared intra and intergroup. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the nasal inspiratory pressure and the maximal inspiratory pressure maintained in the inspiratory load group in the intragroup evaluation, but with a significant difference (p<0.05) compared to the positive pressure group. The prevalence of atelectasis was 5% in both groups with no significant difference (p>0.05) between them.ConclusionBoth groups, associated with conventional respiratory physiotherapy, preserved expiratory reserve volume and tidal volume and had a low atelectasis rate. The inspiratory loading group still maintained inspiratory muscle strength and resistance of respiratory muscles.

Project description:BackgroundThis study compares the effect of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in patients with obesity undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery (LBS) under general anesthesia with mechanical ventilation.MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Internet, Wanfang database, and Google Scholar for studies published up to July 29, 2023, without time or language restrictions. The search terms included "PEEP," "laparoscopic," and "bariatric surgery." Randomized controlled trials comparing different levels of PEEP or PEEP with zero-PEEP (ZEEP) in patients with obesity undergoing LBS were included. The primary outcome was a composite of PPCs, and the secondary outcomes were intraoperative oxygenation, respiratory compliance, and mean arterial pressure (MAP). A fixed-effect or random-effect model was selected for meta-analysis based on the heterogeneity of the included studies.ResultsThirteen randomized controlled trials with a total of 708 participants were included for analysis. No statistically significant difference in PPCs was found between the PEEP and ZEEP groups (risk ratio = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.05-1.60; p = 0.15). However, high PEEP ≥ 10 cm H2O significantly decreased PPCs compared with low PEEP < 10 cm H2O (risk ratio = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.05-0.89; p = 0.03). The included studies showed no significant heterogeneity (I2 = 20% & 0%). Compared with ZEEP, PEEP significantly increased intraoperative oxygenation and respiratory compliance (WMD = 74.97 mm Hg, 95% CI: 41.74-108.21; p < 0.001 & WMD = 9.40 ml cm H2O- 1, 95% CI: 0.65-18.16; p = 0.04). High PEEP significantly improved intraoperative oxygenation and respiratory compliance during pneumoperitoneum compared with low PEEP (WMD = 66.81 mm Hg, 95% CI: 25.85-107.78; p = 0.001 & WMD = 8.03 ml cm H2O- 1, 95% CI: 4.70-11.36; p < 0.001). Importantly, PEEP did not impair hemodynamic status in LBS.ConclusionsIn patients with obesity undergoing LBS, high PEEP ≥ 10 cm H2O could decrease PPCs compared with low PEEP < 10 cm H2O, while there was a similar incidence of PPCs between PEEP (8-10 cm H2O) and the ZEEP group. The application of PEEP in ventilation strategies increased intraoperative oxygenation and respiratory compliance without affecting intraoperative MAP. A PEEP of at least 10 cm H2O is recommended to reduce PPCs in patients with obesity undergoing LBS.Registration numberCRD42023391178 in PROSPERO.

Project description:BackgroundHospitalization of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease creates a huge healthcare burden. Positive airway pressure therapy is sometimes used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but the possible impact on hospitalization risk remains controversial. We studied the hospitalization risk of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease before and after initiation of various positive airway pressure therapies in a "real-world" bioinformatics study.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of administrative claims data of hospitalizations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who received or did not receive positive airway pressure therapy: continuous positive airway pressure, bilevel positive airway pressure, and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation using a home ventilator.ResultsThe majority of 1,881,652 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (92.5%) were not receiving any form of positive airway pressure therapy. Prescription of bilevel positive airway pressure (1.5%), continuous positive airway pressure (5.6%), and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (<1%) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease demonstrated geographic-, sex-, and age-related variability. After adjusting for confounders and propensity score, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (odds ratio [OR], 0.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13-0.27), bilevel positive airway pressure (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.39-0.45), and continuous positive airway pressure (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.67-0.72) were individually associated with lower hospitalization risk in the 6 months post-treatment when compared with the 6 months pretreatment but not when compared with the baseline period between 12 and 6 months before treatment initiation. Stratified analysis suggests that comorbid sleep-disordered breathing, chronic respiratory failure, heart failure, and age less than 65 years were associated with greater benefits from positive airway pressure therapy.ConclusionInitiation of positive airway pressure therapy was associated with reduction in hospitalization among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but the causality needs to be determined by randomized controlled trials.

Project description:IntroductionObstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is common among older surgical patients, and delirium is a frequent and serious postoperative complication. Emerging evidence suggests that OSA increases the risk for postoperative delirium. We hypothesise that OSA is an independent risk factor for postoperative delirium, and that in patients with OSA, perioperative adherence to positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy decreases the incidence of postoperative delirium and its sequelae. The proposed retrospective cohort analysis study will use existing datasets to: (i) describe and compare the incidence of postoperative delirium in surgical patients based on OSA diagnosis and treatment with PAP; (ii) assess whether preoperatively untreated OSA is independently associated with postoperative delirium; and (iii) explore whether preoperatively untreated OSA is independently associated with worse postoperative quality of life (QoL). The findings of this study will inform on the potential utility and approach of an interventional trial aimed at preventing postoperative delirium in patients with diagnosed and undiagnosed OSA.Methods and analysisObservational data from existing electronic databases will be used, including over 100 000 surgical patients and ~10 000 intensive care unit (ICU) admissions. We will obtain the incidence of postoperative delirium in adults admitted postoperatively to the ICU who underwent structured preoperative assessment, including OSA diagnosis and screening. We will use doubly robust propensity score methods to assess whether untreated OSA independently predicts postoperative delirium. Using similar methodology, we will assess if untreated OSA independently predicts worse postoperative QoL.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Human Research Protection Office at Washington University School of Medicine. We will publish the results in a peer-reviewed venue. Because the data are secondary and high risk for reidentification, we will not publicly share the data. Data will be destroyed after 1 year of completion of active Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved projects.

Project description:ImportanceObstructive sleep apnea has been associated with postoperative delirium, which predisposes patients to major adverse outcomes. Positive airway pressure may be an effective intervention to reduce delirium in this population.ObjectivesTo determine if preoperative obstructive sleep apnea is associated with postoperative incident delirium in the intensive care unit and if preoperative positive airway pressure adherence modifies the association.Design, setting, and participantsA retrospective single-center cohort study was conducted at a US tertiary hospital from November 1, 2012, to August 31, 2016, among 7792 patients admitted to an intensive care unit who underwent routine Confusion Assessment Method for the intensive care unit after major surgery. Patients were adults who had undergone a complete preoperative anesthesia assessment, received general anesthesia, underwent at least 1 delirium assessment, were not delirious preoperatively, and had a preoperative intensive care unit stay of less than 6 days. Statistical analysis was conducted from August 20, 2019, to January 11, 2020.ExposuresSelf-reported obstructive sleep apnea, billing diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea, or STOP-BANG (Snoring, Tiredness, Observed Apnea, Blood Pressure, Body Mass Index, Age, Neck Circumference and Gender) questionnaire score greater than 4, as well as self-reported use of preoperative positive airway pressure.Main outcomes and measuresDelirium within 7 days of surgery.ResultsA total of 7792 patients (4562 men; mean [SD] age, 59.2 [15.3] years) met inclusion criteria. Diagnosed or likely obstructive sleep apnea occurred in 2044 patients (26%), and delirium occurred in 3637 patients (47%). The proportion of patients with incident delirium was lower among those with obstructive sleep apnea than those without (897 of 2044 [44%] vs 2740 of 5748 [48%]; unadjusted risk difference, -0.04; 99% credible interval [CrI], -0.07 to -0.00). Positive airway pressure adherence had minimal association with delirium (risk difference, -0.00; 99% CrI, -0.09 to 0.09). Doubly robust confounder adjustment eliminated the association between obstructive sleep apnea and delirium (risk difference, -0.01; 99% CrI, -0.04 to 0.03) and did not change that of preoperative positive airway pressure adherence (risk difference, -0.00, 99% CrI, -0.07 to 0.07). The results were consistent across multiple sensitivity analyses.Conclusions and relevanceAfter risk adjustment, this study found no association between obstructive sleep apnea and postoperative delirium in the context of usual care in the intensive care unit, with 99% CrIs excluding clinically meaningful associations. With limited precision, no association was found between positive airway pressure adherence and delirium. Selection bias and measurement error limit the validity and generalizability of these observational associations; however, they suggest that interventions targeting sleep apnea and positive airway pressure are unlikely to have a meaningful association with postoperative intensive care unit delirium.

Dataset Information

Application of positive airway pressure in restoring pulmonary function and thoracic mobility in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

Objective

Method

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Application of positive airway pressure in restoring pulmonary function and thoracic mobility in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

Similar Datasets

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