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Increasing complexity of clinical research in gastroenterology: implications for the training of clinician-scientists.

ABSTRACT: Significant advances have been made in clinical and epidemiologic research methods over the past 30 years. We sought to demonstrate the impact of these advances on published gastroenterology research from 1980 to 2010.Twenty original clinical articles were randomly selected from each of three journals from 1980, 1990, 2000, and 2010. Each article was assessed for topic, whether the outcome was clinical or physiologic, study design, sample size, number of authors and centers collaborating, reporting of various statistical methods, and external funding.From 1980 to 2010, there was a significant increase in analytic studies, clinical outcomes, number of authors per article, multicenter collaboration, sample size, and external funding. There was increased reporting of P values, confidence intervals, and power calculations, and increased use of large multicenter databases, multivariate analyses, and bioinformatics.The complexity of clinical gastroenterology and hepatology research has increased dramatically, highlighting the need for advanced training of clinical investigators.

SUBMITTER: Scott FI

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4319319 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Increasing complexity of clinical research in gastroenterology: implications for the training of clinician-scientists.

Scott Frank I FI McConnell Ryan A RA Lewis Matthew E ME Lewis James D JD

The American journal of gastroenterology 20120401 4

<h4>Objectives</h4>Significant advances have been made in clinical and epidemiologic research methods over the past 30 years. We sought to demonstrate the impact of these advances on published gastroenterology research from 1980 to 2010.<h4>Methods</h4>Twenty original clinical articles were randomly selected from each of three journals from 1980, 1990, 2000, and 2010. Each article was assessed for topic, whether the outcome was clinical or physiologic, study design, sample size, number of author ...[more]

PMID: 22475957

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Project description:BackgroundWomen scientists are less likely to obtain Assistant Professorship and achieve promotion, and obtain less grant funding than men. Scientist/clinician-scientist training programs which provide salary awards as well as training and mentorship are a potential intervention to improve outcomes among women scientists. We hypothesized whether a programmatic approach to scientist/clinician-scientist training is associated with improved outcomes for women scientists in Canada when compared with salary awards alone. Trainees within the Kidney Research Scientist Core Education and National Training Program (KRESCENT), Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (CCHCSP), and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) salary award programs were evaluated.ObjectiveTo examine whether the structured KRESCENT training program with salary support improves academic success for women scientists relative to salary awards alone.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingCanadian national research scientist and clinician-scientist training programs and salary awards.ParticipantsKRESCENT cohort (n = 59, 2005-2017), CCHCSP cohort (n = 58, 2002-2015), and CIHR (n = 571, 2005-2015) Salary Awardees for postdoctoral fellows (PDF) and new investigators (NI).MeasurementsNational operating grant funding success, achieving an academic position as an Assistant Professor for PDF, or achieving promotion to Associate Professor for NI.MethodsThe gender distribution of each cohort was determined using first name and NamepediA and was examined for PDF and NI, followed by a description of trainee outcomes by gender and training level.ResultsKRESCENT and CIHR PDF were balanced (12/27, 44% men and 55/116, 47% women) while CCHCSP had a higher proportion of women (13/20, 65%). KRESCENT and CCHCSP NI retained women scientists (19/32, 59% and 22/38, 58% women), whereas CIHR NI had fewer women (165/455, 36% women vs 290/455, 64% men, P = 0.01). There was a high rate of NI operating grant success (91%-95%) with no gender differences in each cohort. There was a high proportion of CCHCSP PDF who achieved an Assistant Professorship (18/20, 90%) that may be due in part to a longer follow-up period (9.3 ± 3 years) compared with KRESCENT PDF (7/27, 26%, 0.88 ± 4.5 years), and these data were not available for CIHR PDF. Women KRESCENT NI showed increased promotion to Associate Professor (P = 0.02, 0.25 ± 3.2 years follow-up) and CCHCSP NI had high promotion rates (37/38, 97%, 6.9 ± 3.6 years follow-up) irrespective of gender. There was an overall trend toward more men pursuing biomedical research.LimitationsKRESCENT and CCHCSP training program cohort size and heterogeneity; assigning gender by first name may result in misclassification; lack of data on the respective applicant pools; and inability to examine intersectionality with gender, ethnicity, and sexual orientation.ConclusionOverall trainee performance across programs is remarkable by community standards regardless of gender. KRESCENT and CCHCSP training programs demonstrated balanced success in their PDF and NI, whereas the CIHR awardees had reduced representation of women scientists from PDF to NI. This exploratory study highlights the utility of programmatic training approaches like the KRESCENT program as potential tools to support and retain women scientists in the academic pipeline during the challenging PDF to NI transition period.

Dataset Information

Increasing complexity of clinical research in gastroenterology: implications for the training of clinician-scientists.

Publications

Increasing complexity of clinical research in gastroenterology: implications for the training of clinician-scientists.

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