Dataset Information

Potent antitumor activity of cabozantinib, a c-MET and VEGFR2 inhibitor, in a colorectal cancer patient-derived tumor explant model.

ABSTRACT: Antiangiogenic therapy is commonly used for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Although patients derive some clinical benefit, treatment resistance inevitably occurs. The MET signaling pathway has been proposed to be a major contributor of resistance to antiangiogenic therapy. MET is upregulated in response to vascular endothelial growth factor pathway inhibition and plays an essential role in tumorigenesis and progression of tumors. In this study, we set out to determine the efficacy of cabozantinib in a preclinical CRC patient-derived tumor xenograft model. We demonstrate potent inhibitory effects on tumor growth in 80% of tumors treated. The greatest antitumor effects were observed in tumors that possess a mutation in the PIK3CA gene. The underlying antitumor mechanisms of cabozantinib consisted of inhibition of angiogenesis and Akt activation and significantly decreased expression of genes involved in the PI3K pathway. These findings support further evaluation of cabozantinib in patients with CRC. PIK3CA mutation as a predictive biomarker of sensitivity is intriguing and warrants further elucidation. A clinical trial of cabozantinib in refractory metastatic CRC is being activated.

SUBMITTER: Song EK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4323738 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Potent antitumor activity of cabozantinib, a c-MET and VEGFR2 inhibitor, in a colorectal cancer patient-derived tumor explant model.

Song Eun-Kee EK Tai W M WM Messersmith Wells A WA Bagby Stacey S Purkey Alicia A Quackenbush Kevin S KS Pitts Todd M TM Wang Guoliang G Blatchford Patrick P Yahn Rachel R Kaplan Jeffrey J Tan Aik Choon AC Atreya Chloe E CE Eckhardt Gail G Kelley Robin K RK Venook Alan A Kwak Eunice L EL Ryan David D Arcaroli John J JJ

International journal of cancer 20140929 8

Antiangiogenic therapy is commonly used for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Although patients derive some clinical benefit, treatment resistance inevitably occurs. The MET signaling pathway has been proposed to be a major contributor of resistance to antiangiogenic therapy. MET is upregulated in response to vascular endothelial growth factor pathway inhibition and plays an essential role in tumorigenesis and progression of tumors. In this study, we set out to determine the efficacy of ...[more]

PMID: 25242168

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundPoly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 and 2 (PARP1/2) inhibitors (PARPi) are targeted therapies approved for homologous recombination repair (HRR)-deficient breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancers. Since inhibition of PARP1 is sufficient to cause synthetic lethality in tumors with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), PARP1 selective inhibitors such as saruparib (AZD5305) are being developed. It is expected that selective PARP1 inhibition leads to a safer profile that facilitates its combination with other DNA damage repair inhibitors. Here, we aimed to characterize the antitumor activity of AZD5305 in patient-derived preclinical models compared to the first-generation PARP1/2 inhibitor olaparib and to identify mechanisms of resistance.MethodsThirteen previously characterized patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) models from breast, ovarian, and pancreatic cancer patients harboring germline pathogenic alterations in BRCA1, BRCA2, or PALB2 were used to evaluate the efficacy of AZD5305 alone or in combination with carboplatin or an ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) inhibitor (ceralasertib) and compared it to the first-generation PARPi olaparib. We performed DNA and RNA sequencing as well as protein-based assays to identify mechanisms of acquired resistance to either PARPi.ResultsAZD5305 showed superior antitumor activity than the first-generation PARPi in terms of preclinical complete response rate (75% vs. 37%). The median preclinical progression-free survival was significantly longer in the AZD5305-treated group compared to the olaparib-treated group (> 386 days vs. 90 days). Mechanistically, AZD5305 induced more replication stress and genomic instability than the PARP1/2 inhibitor olaparib in PARPi-sensitive tumors. All tumors at progression with either PARPi (39/39) showed increase of HRR functionality by RAD51 foci formation. The most prevalent resistance mechanisms identified were the acquisition of reversion mutations in BRCA1/BRCA2 and the accumulation of hypomorphic BRCA1. AZD5305 did not sensitize PDXs with acquired resistance to olaparib but elicited profound and durable responses when combined with carboplatin or ceralasertib in 3/6 and 5/5 models, respectively.ConclusionsCollectively, these results show that the novel PARP1 selective inhibitor AZD5305 yields a potent antitumor response in PDX models with HRD and delays PARPi resistance alone or in combination with carboplatin or ceralasertib, which supports its use in the clinic as a new therapeutic option.

Dataset Information

Potent antitumor activity of cabozantinib, a c-MET and VEGFR2 inhibitor, in a colorectal cancer patient-derived tumor explant model.

Publications

Potent antitumor activity of cabozantinib, a c-MET and VEGFR2 inhibitor, in a colorectal cancer patient-derived tumor explant model.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets