Dataset Information

Differential co-expression network centrality and machine learning feature selection for identifying susceptibility hubs in networks with scale-free structure.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Biological insights into group differences, such as disease status, have been achieved through differential co-expression analysis of microarray data. Additional understanding of group differences may be achieved by integrating the connectivity structure of the differential co-expression network and per-gene differential expression between phenotypic groups. Such a global differential co-expression network strategy may increase sensitivity to detect gene-gene interactions (or expression epistasis) that may act as candidates for rewiring susceptibility co-expression networks. METHODS:We test two methods for inferring Genetic Association Interaction Networks (GAIN) incorporating both differential co-expression effects and differential expression effects: a generalized linear model (GLM) regression method with interaction effects (reGAIN) and a Fisher test method for correlation differences (dcGAIN). We rank the importance of each gene with complete interaction network centrality (CINC), which integrates each gene's differential co-expression effects in the GAIN model along with each gene's individual differential expression measure. We compare these methods with statistical learning methods Relief-F, Random Forests and Lasso. We also develop a mixture model and permutation approach for determining significant importance score thresholds for network centralities, Relief-F and Random Forest. We introduce a novel simulation strategy that generates microarray case-control data with embedded differential co-expression networks and underlying correlation structure based on scale-free or Erdos-Renyi (ER) random networks. RESULTS:Using the network simulation strategy, we find that Relief-F and reGAIN provide the best balance between detecting interactions and main effects, plus reGAIN has the ability to adjust for covariates and model quantitative traits. The dcGAIN approach performs best at finding differential co-expression effects by design but worst for main effects, and it does not adjust for covariates and is limited to dichotomous outcomes. When the underlying network is scale free instead of ER, all interaction network methods have greater power to find differential co-expression effects. We apply these methods to a public microarray study of the differential immune response to influenza vaccine, and we identify effects that suggest a role in influenza vaccine immune response for genes from the PI3K family, which includes genes with known immunodeficiency function, and KLRG1, which is a known marker of senescence.

SUBMITTER: Lareau CA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4326454 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Differential co-expression network centrality and machine learning feature selection for identifying susceptibility hubs in networks with scale-free structure.

Lareau Caleb A CA White Bill C BC Oberg Ann L AL McKinney Brett A BA

BioData mining 20150203

<h4>Background</h4>Biological insights into group differences, such as disease status, have been achieved through differential co-expression analysis of microarray data. Additional understanding of group differences may be achieved by integrating the connectivity structure of the differential co-expression network and per-gene differential expression between phenotypic groups. Such a global differential co-expression network strategy may increase sensitivity to detect gene-gene interactions (or ...[more]

PMID: 25685197

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Project description:Background and objectiveAccurate and fast diagnosis of rheumatic diseases affecting the hands is essential for further treatment decisions. Fluorescence optical imaging (FOI) visualizes inflammation-induced impaired microcirculation by increasing signal intensity, resulting in different image features. This analysis aimed to find specific image features in FOI that might be important for accurately diagnosing different rheumatic diseases.Patients and methodsFOI images of the hands of patients with different types of rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), and connective tissue diseases (CTD), were assessed in a reading of 20 different image features in three phases of the contrast agent dynamics, yielding 60 different features for each patient. The readings were analyzed for mutual differential diagnosis of the three diseases (One-vs-One) and each disease in all data (One-vs-Rest). In the first step, statistical tools and machine-learning-based methods were applied to reveal the importance rankings of the features, that is, to find features that contribute most to the model-based classification. In the second step machine learning with a stepwise increasing number of features was applied, sequentially adding at each step the most crucial remaining feature to extract a minimized subset that yields the highest diagnostic accuracy.ResultsIn total, n = 605 FOI of both hands were analyzed (n = 235 with RA, n = 229 with OA, and n = 141 with CTD). All classification problems showed maximum accuracy with a reduced set of image features. For RA-vs.-OA, five features were needed for high accuracy. For RA-vs.-CTD ten, OA-vs.-CTD sixteen, RA-vs.-Rest five, OA-vs.-Rest eleven, and CTD-vs-Rest fifteen, features were needed, respectively. For all problems, the final importance ranking of the features with respect to the contrast agent dynamics was determined.ConclusionsWith the presented investigations, the set of features in FOI examinations relevant to the differential diagnosis of the selected rheumatic diseases could be remarkably reduced, providing helpful information for the physician.

Project description:In recent years, functional brain network topological features have been widely used as classification features. Previous studies have found that network node scale differences caused by different network parcellation definitions significantly affect the structure of the constructed network and its topological properties. However, we still do not know how network scale differences affect the classification accuracy, performance of classification features, and effectiveness of the feature selection strategy using P values in terms of the machine learning method. This study used five scale parcellations, involving 90, 256, 497, 1003, and 1501 nodes. Three local properties of resting-state functional brain networks were selected (degree, betweenness centrality, and nodal efficiency), and the support vector machine method was used to construct classifiers to identify patients with major depressive disorder. We analyzed the impact of the five scales on classification accuracy. In addition, the effectiveness and redundancy of features obtained by the different scale parcellations were compared. Finally, traditional statistical significance (P value) was verified as a feature selection criterion. The results showed that the feature effectiveness of different scales was similar; in other words, parcellation with more regions did not provide more effective discriminative features. Nevertheless, parcellation with more regions did provide a greater quantity of discriminative features, which led to an improvement in the accuracy of the classification. However, due to the close distance between brain regions, the redundancy of parcellation with more regions was also greater. The traditional P value feature selection strategy is feasible with different scales, but our analysis showed that the traditional P < 0.05 threshold was too strict for feature selection. This study provides an important reference for the selection of network scales when applying topological properties of brain networks to machine learning methods.

Dataset Information

Differential co-expression network centrality and machine learning feature selection for identifying susceptibility hubs in networks with scale-free structure.

Publications

Differential co-expression network centrality and machine learning feature selection for identifying susceptibility hubs in networks with scale-free structure.

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