Dataset Information

Functional relationships with N deposition differ according to stand maturity in Calluna-dominated heathland.

ABSTRACT: Plant and soil bio(chemical) indicators are increasingly used to provide information on N deposition inputs and effects in a wide range of ecosystem types. However, many factors, including climate and site management history, have the potential to influence bioindicator relationships with N due to nutrient export and changing vegetation nutrient demands. We surveyed 33 heathlands in England, along a gradient of background N deposition (7.2-24.5 kg ha(-1) year(-1)), using Calluna vulgaris growth phase as a proxy for time since last management. Our survey confirmed soil nutrient accumulation with increasing time since management. Foliar N and phosphorus (P) concentrations in pioneer- and mature-phase vegetation significantly increased with N deposition. Significant interactions between climate and N deposition were also evident with, for example, higher foliar P concentrations in pioneer-phase vegetation at sites with higher temperatures and N deposition rates. Although oxidized N appeared more significant than reduced N, overall there were more, stronger relationships with total N deposition; suggesting efforts to control all emissions of N (i.e., both oxidized and reduced forms) will have ecological benefits.

SUBMITTER: Jones AG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4329132 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Functional relationships with N deposition differ according to stand maturity in Calluna-dominated heathland.

Jones Alan Glyn AG Power Sally A SA

Ambio 20140521 2

Plant and soil bio(chemical) indicators are increasingly used to provide information on N deposition inputs and effects in a wide range of ecosystem types. However, many factors, including climate and site management history, have the potential to influence bioindicator relationships with N due to nutrient export and changing vegetation nutrient demands. We surveyed 33 heathlands in England, along a gradient of background N deposition (7.2-24.5 kg ha(-1) year(-1)), using Calluna vulgaris growth ...[more]

PMID: 24845194

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Project description:Background:Anterior cruciate ligament injuries are among the most common knee injuries. Mechanism of injury is classified as contact or non-contact. The majority of anterior cruciate ligament ruptures occur through a non-contact mechanism of injury. Non-contact anterior cruciate ligament ruptures are associated with biomechanical and neuromuscular risk factors that can predispose athletes to injuries and may impact future function. Non-contact mechanism of injury may be preceded by poor dynamic knee stability and therefore those with a non-contact mechanism of injury may be prone to poor dynamic knee stability post-operatively. Understanding how mechanism of injury affects post-operative functional recovery may have clinical implications on rehabilitation. Purpose:The purpose of this study was to determine if mechanism of injury influenced strength, functional performance, patient-reported outcome measures, and psychological outlook in athletes at four time points in the first two years following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Study Design:Secondary analysis of a clinical trial. Methods:Seventy-nine athletes underwent functional testing at enrollment after impairment resolution. Quadriceps strength, hop testing, and patient-reported outcome measures were evaluated post-operatively at enrollment, following return-to-sport training and one year and two years after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Participants were dichotomized by mechanism of injury (29 contact, 50 noncontact). Independent t-tests were used to compare differences between groups. Results:There were no meaningful differences between contact and non-contact mechanism of injury in any variables at enrollment, post-training, one year, or two years after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Conclusion:Function did not differ according to mechanism of injury during late stage rehabilitation or one or two years after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Level of Evidence:III.

Dataset Information

Functional relationships with N deposition differ according to stand maturity in Calluna-dominated heathland.

Publications

Functional relationships with N deposition differ according to stand maturity in Calluna-dominated heathland.

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