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Targeting breast cancer-initiating/stem cells with melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24.

ABSTRACT: Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24) displays a broad range of antitumor properties including cancer-specific induction of apoptosis, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and modulation of antitumor immune responses. In our study, we elucidated the role of MDA-7/IL-24 in inhibiting growth of breast cancer-initiating/stem cells. Ad.mda-7 infection decreased proliferation of breast cancer-initiating/stem cells without affecting normal breast stem cells. Ad.mda-7 induced apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in breast cancer-initiating/stem cells similar to unsorted breast cancer cells and inhibited the self-renewal property of breast cancer-initiating/stem cells by suppressing Wnt/?-catenin signaling. Prevention of inhibition of Wnt signaling by LiCl increased cell survival upon Ad.mda-7 treatment, suggesting that Wnt signaling inhibition might play a key role in MDA-7/IL-24-mediated death of breast cancer-initiating/stem cells. In a nude mouse subcutaneous xenograft model, Ad.mda-7 injection profoundly inhibited growth of tumors generated from breast cancer-initiating/stem cells and also exerted a potent "bystander" activity inhibiting growth of distant uninjected tumors. Further studies revealed that tumor growth inhibition by Ad.mda-7 was associated with a decrease in proliferation and angiogenesis, two intrinsic features of MDA-7/IL-24, and a reduction in vivo in the percentage of breast cancer-initiating/stem cells. Our findings demonstrate that MDA-7/IL-24 is not only nontoxic to normal cells and normal stem cells but also can kill both unsorted cancer cells and enriched populations of cancer-initiating/stem cells, providing further documentation that MDA-7/IL-24 might be a safe and effective way to eradicate cancers and also potentially establish disease-free survival.

SUBMITTER: Bhutia SK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4334374 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Targeting breast cancer-initiating/stem cells with melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24.

Bhutia Sujit K SK Das Swadesh K SK Azab Belal B Menezes Mitchell E ME Dent Paul P Wang Xiang-Yang XY Sarkar Devanand D Fisher Paul B PB

International journal of cancer 20130706 11

Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24) displays a broad range of antitumor properties including cancer-specific induction of apoptosis, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and modulation of antitumor immune responses. In our study, we elucidated the role of MDA-7/IL-24 in inhibiting growth of breast cancer-initiating/stem cells. Ad.mda-7 infection decreased proliferation of breast cancer-initiating/stem cells without affecting normal breast stem cells. Ad.mda-7 indu ...[more]

PMID: 23720015

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Project description:Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin 24 (mda-7/IL-24) is a unique interleukin (IL)-10 family cytokine displaying selective apoptosis-inducing activity in transformed cells without harming normal cells. The present studies focused on defining the mechanism(s) by which recombinant adenoviral delivery of MDA-7/IL-24 inhibits cell survival of human ovarian carcinoma cells. Expression of MDA-7/IL-24 induced phosphorylation of protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and eukaryotic initiation factor2alpha (eIF2alpha). In a PERK-dependent fashion, MDA-7/IL-24 reduced ERK1/2 and AKT phosphorylation and activated c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). MDA-7/IL-24 reduced MCL-1 and BCL-XL and increased BAX levels via PERK signaling; cell-killing was mediated via the intrinsic pathway, and cell killing was primarily necrotic as judged using Annexin V/propidium iodide staining. Inhibition of p38 MAPK and JNK1/2 abolished MDA-7/IL-24 toxicity and blocked BAX and BAK activation, whereas activation of mitogen-activated extracellular-regulated kinase (MEK) 1/2 or AKT suppressed enhanced killing and JNK1/2 activation. MEK1/2 signaling increased expression of the MDA-7/IL-24 and PERK chaperone BiP/78-kDa glucose regulated protein (GRP78), and overexpression of BiP/GRP78 suppressed MDA-7/IL-24 toxicity. MDA-7/IL-24-induced LC3-green fluorescent protein vesicularization and processing of LC3; and knockdown of ATG5 suppressed MDA-7/IL-24-mediated toxicity. MDA-7/IL-24 and cisplatin interacted in a greater than additive fashion to kill tumor cells that was dependent on a further elevation of JNK1/2 activity and recruitment of the extrinsic CD95 pathway. MDA-7/IL-24 toxicity was enhanced in a weak additive fashion by paclitaxel; paclitaxel enhanced MDA-7/IL-24 + cisplatin lethality in a greater than additive fashion via BAX. Collectively, our data demonstrate that MDA-7/IL-24 induces an endoplasmic reticulum stress response that activates multiple proapoptotic pathways, culminating in decreased ovarian tumor cell survival.

Dataset Information

Targeting breast cancer-initiating/stem cells with melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24.

Publications

Targeting breast cancer-initiating/stem cells with melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24.

Similar Datasets

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