Dataset Information

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: correlation between Loes score and diffusion tensor imaging parameters.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

The present study was aimed at evaluating the correlation between diffusion tensor imaging parameters and Loes score as well as whether those parameters could indicate early structural alterations.

Materials and methods

Diffusion tensor imaging measurements were obtained in 30 studies of 14 patients with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy and were correlated with Loes scores. A control group including 28 male patients was created to establish agematched diffusion tensor imaging measurements. Inter- and intraobserver statistical analyses were undertaken.

Results

Diffusion tensor imaging measurements presented strong Pearson correlation coefficients (r) of -0.86, 0.89, 0.89 and 0.84 for fractional anisotropy and mean, radial and axial diffusivities (p < 0.01). Analysis of changes in diffusion tensor measurements at early stage of the disease indicates that mean and radial diffusivities might be useful to predict the disease progression.

Conclusion

Measurements of diffusion tensor parameters can be used as an adjunct to the Loes score, aiding in the monitoring of the disease and alerting for possible Loes score progression in the range of interest for therapeutic decisions.

SUBMITTER: Ono SE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4341377 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Nov-Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: correlation between Loes score and diffusion tensor imaging parameters.

Ono Sergio Eiji SE de Carvalho Neto Arnolfo A Gasparetto Emerson Leandro EL Coelho Luiz Otávio de Mattos LO Escuissato Dante Luiz DL Bonfim Carmem Maria Sales CM Ribeiro Lisandro Lima LL

Radiologia brasileira 20141101 6

<h4>Objective</h4>The present study was aimed at evaluating the correlation between diffusion tensor imaging parameters and Loes score as well as whether those parameters could indicate early structural alterations.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>Diffusion tensor imaging measurements were obtained in 30 studies of 14 patients with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy and were correlated with Loes scores. A control group including 28 male patients was created to establish agematched diffusion tensor imagi ...[more]

PMID: 25741116

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Project description:Introduction: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that measures the anisotropy of water diffusion. Clinical magnetic resonance imaging scanners enable visualization of the structural integrity of larger axonal bundles in the central nervous system and smaller structures like peripheral nerves; however, their resolution for the depiction of nerve fascicular morphology is limited. Accordingly, high-field strength MRI and strong magnetic field gradients are needed to depict the fascicular pattern. The study aimed to quantify diffusion tensor indices with high-field strength MRI within different anatomical compartments of the median nerve and determine if they correlate with nerve structure at the fascicular level. Methods: Three-dimensional pulsed gradient spin-echo (PGSE) imaging sequence in 19 different gradient directions and b value 1,150 s/mm2 was performed on a 9.4T wide-bore vertical superconducting magnet. Nine-millimeter-long segments of five median nerve samples were obtained from fresh cadavers and acquired in sixteen 0.625 mm thick slices. Each nerve sample had the fascicles, perineurium, and interfascicular epineurium segmented. The diffusion tensor was calculated from the region-average diffusion-weighted signals for all diffusion gradient directions. Subsequently, correlations between diffusion tensor indices of segmentations and nerve structure at the fascicular level (number of fascicles, fascicular ratio, and cross-sectional area of fascicles or nerve) were assessed. The acquired diffusion tensor imaging data was employed for display with trajectories and diffusion ellipsoids. Results: The nerve fascicles proved to be the most anisotropic nerve compartment with fractional anisotropy 0.44 ± 0.05. In the interfascicular epineurium, the diffusion was more prominent in orthogonal directions with fractional anisotropy 0.13 ± 0.02. Diffusion tensor indices within the fascicles and perineurium differed significantly between the subjects (p < 0.0001); however, there were no differences within the interfascicular epineurium (p ≥ 0.37). There were no correlations between diffusion tensor indices and nerve structure at the fascicular level (p ≥ 0.29). Conclusion: High-field strength MRI enabled the depiction of the anisotropic diffusion within the fascicles and perineurium. Diffusion tensor indices of the peripheral nerve did not correlate with nerve structure at the fascicular level. Future studies should investigate the relationship between diffusion tensor indices at the fascicular level and axon- and myelin-related parameters.

Project description:High-resolution imaging studies have consistently shown that in cortical tissue water diffuses preferentially along radial and tangential orientations with respect to the cortical surface, in agreement with histology. These dominant orientations do not change significantly even if the relative contributions from microscopic water pools to the net voxel signal vary across experiments that use different diffusion times, b-values, TEs, and TRs. With this in mind, we propose a practical new framework for imaging non-parametric diffusion tensor distributions (DTDs) by constraining the microscopic diffusion tensors of the DTD to be diagonalized using the same orthonormal reference frame of the mesoscopic voxel. In each voxel, the constrained DTD (cDTD) is completely determined by the correlation spectrum of the microscopic principal diffusivities associated with the axes of the voxel reference frame. Consequently, all cDTDs are inherently limited to the domain of positive definite tensors and can be reconstructed efficiently using Inverse Laplace Transform methods. Moreover, the cDTD reconstruction can be performed using only data acquired efficiently with single diffusion encoding, although it also supports datasets with multiple diffusion encoding. In tissues with a well-defined architecture, such as the cortex, we can further constrain the cDTD to contain only cylindrically symmetric diffusion tensors and measure the 2D correlation spectra of principal diffusivities along the radial and tangential orientation with respect to the cortical surface. To demonstrate this framework, we perform numerical simulations and analyze high-resolution dMRI data from a fixed macaque monkey brain. We estimate 2D cDTDs in the cortex and derive, in each voxel, the marginal distributions of the microscopic principal diffusivities, the corresponding distributions of the microscopic fractional anisotropies and mean diffusivities along with their 2D correlation spectra to quantify the cDTD shape-size characteristics. Signal components corresponding to specific bands in these cDTD-derived spectra show high specificity to cortical laminar structures observed with histology. Our framework drastically simplifies the measurement of non-parametric DTDs in high-resolution datasets with mesoscopic voxel sizes much smaller than the radius of curvature of the underlying anatomy, e.g., cortical surface, and can be applied retrospectively to analyze existing diffusion MRI data from fixed cortical tissues.

Project description:To determine diagnostic value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients and investigate the association between DTI and neurofilaments (NFs), including serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of neurofilament light chain (NFL) and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNFH). Forty-three clinically diagnosed ALS patients and 32 control subjects without neurological disorders underwent routine MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and DTI scans. DTI parameters (mean diffusivity [MD] and fractional anisotropy [FA]) at axial levels of internal capsules and cerebral peduncles along the corticospinal tract (CST) were measured. The study compared the differences of DTI parameters between ALS patients and controls using the Mann-Whitney U test. Diagnostic efficacy of each DTI metric was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. NFs (NFL and pNFH levels in serum and CSF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Correlation analyses were conducted between DTI parameters and NFs. Capsule-MD and Peduncle-MD in ALS patients were higher than those in controls; whereas Capsule-FA and Peduncle-FA in ALS patients were lower than those in controls (all, p < 0.05). The area under curve (AUC) was 0.730 for Capsule-FA, 0.828 for Capsule-MD, 0.890 for Peduncle-FA, and 0.896 for Peduncle-MD. Capsule-FA was negatively correlated with CSF-NFL (r = - 0.813, p < 0.001), Serum-NFL (r = - 0.493, p = 0.001), CSF-pNFH (r = - 0.637, p < 0.001), and Serum-pNFH (r = - 0.672, p < 0.001); Peduncle-FA negatively with CSF-NFL (r = - 0.562, p < 0.001), CSF-pNFH (r = - 0.506, p = 0.001), and Serum-pNFH (r = - 0.488, p = 0.001); Peduncle-MD positively with CSF-NFL (r = 0.516, p < 0.001), CSF-pNFH (r = 0.494, p = 0.001). DTI had superior performance in identifying ALS patients and could serve as a reliable predictor. DTI parameters related to neurofilament markers, and Capsule-FA may become a robust surrogate biomarker indicating disease severity and progression rate for ALS patients.

Project description:ObjectiveThis study investigates the correlation between magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters and biochemical composition in degenerative intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus tissue, offering a potential reference for the clinical diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of intervertebral disc degeneration.MethodsHuman lumbar intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus tissue samples were collected via full endoscopic minimally invasive surgery. DTI was employed to quantitatively measure fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in the degenerative nucleus pulposus, examining the relationship between Pfirrmann grading and these DTI parameters. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and aquaporin 3 (AQP3) in the degenerative tissue. The glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content was quantified using the dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB) colorimetric assay, and collagen content was assessed with the Sircol soluble collagen assay kit. The relationship between Pfirrmann grading and biochemical composition was also analyzed. Finally, correlation analysis was performed between the FA and ADC values from the human nucleus pulposus tissue and their GAG and collagen contents.ResultsA total of 39 patients (19 males, 20 females) with lumbar disc herniation (LDH), averaging 54.41 years of age, were included. As the degree of Pfirrmann degeneration increased, FA values rose, while ADC values continuously declined. Concurrently, as degeneration progressed, expression of AQP1 and AQP3 proteins decreased, GAG content significantly diminished, and collagen content increased. FA values exhibited a moderate negative correlation with GAG content (r = -0.5974, P < 0.0001) and a strong positive correlation with collagen content (r = 0.8694, P < 0.0001). ADC values showed a moderate positive correlation with GAG content (r = 0.6873, P < 0.0001) and a strong negative correlation with collagen content (r = -0.8502, P < 0.0001).ConclusionThe FA and ADC values derived from magnetic resonance DTI, along with the protein expression levels of AQPs, can reflect the severity of intervertebral disc degeneration to a certain extent. Additionally, the content of glycosaminoglycans and collagen in the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc correlates with the FA and ADC values of the DTI parameters. Therefore, magnetic resonance DTI quantitative imaging provides a means to assess the biochemical composition changes within the intervertebral discs, offering valuable insights for the clinical diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy in intervertebral disc degenerative diseases.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2000041151, Registered on 19 December, 2020, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=206119 .

Dataset Information

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: correlation between Loes score and diffusion tensor imaging parameters.

Objective

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: correlation between Loes score and diffusion tensor imaging parameters.

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