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ABSTRACT: Aims
To determine the roles of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury and to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved.Results
The endogenous VDR expression was detected in the mouse heart, and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) upregulated VDR expression. Activation of VDR by natural and synthetic agonists reduced myocardial infarct size and improved cardiac function. Mechanistically, VDR activation inhibited endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (determined by the reduction of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein expression and caspase-12 activation), attenuated mitochondrial impairment (determined by the decrease of mitochondrial cytochrome c release and caspase-9 activation), and reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, VDR activation significantly inhibited MI/R-induced autophagy dysfunction (determined by the inhibition of Beclin 1 over-activation, the reduction of autophagosomes, the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, p62 protein abundance, and the restoration of autophagy flux). Moreover, VDR activation inhibited MI/R-induced oxidative stress through a metallothionein-dependent mechanism. The cardioprotective effects of VDR agonists mentioned earlier were impaired in the setting of cardiac-specific VDR silencing. In contrast, adenovirus-mediated cardiac VDR overexpression decreased myocardial infarct size and improved cardiac function through attenuating oxidative stress, and inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy dysfunction.Innovation and conclusion
Our data demonstrate that VDR is a novel endogenous self-defensive and cardioprotective receptor against MI/R injury, via mechanisms (at least in part) reducing oxidative stress, and inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy dysfunction-mediated cell death.
SUBMITTER: Yao T
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4346660 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Mar
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Yao Tianbao T Ying Xiaoying X Zhao Yichao Y Yuan Ancai A He Qing Q Tong Huan H Ding Song S Liu Junling J Peng Xu X Gao Erhe E Pu Jun J He Ben B
Antioxidants & redox signaling 20150114 8
<h4>Aims</h4>To determine the roles of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury and to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved.<h4>Results</h4>The endogenous VDR expression was detected in the mouse heart, and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) upregulated VDR expression. Activation of VDR by natural and synthetic agonists reduced myocardial infarct size and improved cardiac function. Mechanistically, VDR activation inhibited endoplasmic reticulum (ER ...[more]