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Metabolism and excretion rates of parent and hydroxy-PAHs in urine collected after consumption of traditionally smoked salmon for Native American volunteers.

ABSTRACT: Few studies have been published on the excretion rates of parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and hydroxy-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) following oral exposure. This study investigated the metabolism and excretion rates of 4 parent PAHs and 10 OH-PAHs after the consumption of smoked salmon. Nine members of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation consumed 50 g of traditionally smoked salmon with breakfast and five urine samples were collected during the following 24 h. The concentrations of OH-PAHs increased from 43.9 ?g/g creatinine for 2-OH-Nap to 349 ng/g creatinine for 1-OH-Pyr, 3 to 6 h post-consumption. Despite volunteers following a restricted diet, there appeared to be a secondary source of naphthalene and fluorene, which led to excretion efficiencies greater than 100%. For the parent PAHs that were detected in urine, the excretion efficiencies ranged from 13% for phenanthrene (and its metabolite) to 240% for naphthalene (and its metabolites). The half-lives for PAHs ranged from 1.4 h for retene to 3.3h for pyrene. The half-lives for OH-PAHs were higher and ranged from 1.7 h for 9-OH-fluorene to 7.0 h for 3-OH-fluorene. The concentrations of most parent PAHs, and their metabolites, returned to the background levels 24 h post-consumption.

SUBMITTER: Motorykin O

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4361301 | biostudies-literature | 2015 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Metabolism and excretion rates of parent and hydroxy-PAHs in urine collected after consumption of traditionally smoked salmon for Native American volunteers.

Motorykin Oleksii O Santiago-Delgado Lisandra L Rohlman Diana D Schrlau Jill E JE Harper Barbara B Harris Stuart S Harding Anna A Kile Molly L ML Massey Simonich Staci L SL

The Science of the total environment 20150205

Few studies have been published on the excretion rates of parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and hydroxy-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) following oral exposure. This study investigated the metabolism and excretion rates of 4 parent PAHs and 10 OH-PAHs after the consumption of smoked salmon. Nine members of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation consumed 50 g of traditionally smoked salmon with breakfast and five urine samples were collected during the ...[more]

PMID: 25659315

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Project description:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Claudin-16 and -19 are proteins forming pores for the paracellular reabsorption of divalent cations in the ascending limb of Henle loop; conversely, claudin-14 decreases ion permeability of these pores. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in gene coding for claudin-14 were associated with kidney stones and calcium excretion. This study aimed to explore the association of claudin-14, claudin-16, and claudin-19 single-nucleotide polymorphisms with calcium excretion. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS:We performed a retrospective observational study of 393 patients with hypertension who were naïve to antihypertensive drugs, in whom we measured 24-hour urine calcium excretion; history of kidney stones was ascertained by interview; 370 of these patients underwent an intravenous 0.9% sodium chloride infusion (2 L in 2 hours) to evaluate the response of calcium excretion in three different 2-hour urine samples collected before, during, and after saline infusion. Genotypes of claudin-14, claudin-16, and claudin-19 were obtained from data of a previous genome-wide association study in the same patients. RESULTS:Thirty-one single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the 3' region of the claudin-14 gene were significantly associated with 24-hour calcium excretion and calcium excretion after saline infusion. The most significant associated single-nucleotide polymorphism was rs219755 (24-hour calcium excretion in GG, 225±124 mg/24 hours; 24-hour calcium excretion in GA, 194±100 mg/24 hours; 24-hour calcium excretion in AA, 124±73 mg/24 hours; P<0.001; calcium excretion during saline infusion in GG, 30±21 mg/2 hours; calcium excretion during saline infusion in GA, 29±18 mg/2 hours; calcium excretion during saline infusion in AA, 17±11 mg/2 hours; P=0.03). No significant associations were found among claudin-16 and claudin-19 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and calcium excretion and between claudin-14, claudin-16, and claudin-19 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and stones. Bioinformatic analysis showed that one single-nucleotide polymorphism at claudin-14 among those associated with calcium excretion may potentially influence splicing of transcript. CONCLUSIONS:Claudin-14 genotype at the 3' region is associated with calcium excretion in 24-hour urine and after the calciuretic stimulus of saline infusion.

Dataset Information

Metabolism and excretion rates of parent and hydroxy-PAHs in urine collected after consumption of traditionally smoked salmon for Native American volunteers.

Publications

Metabolism and excretion rates of parent and hydroxy-PAHs in urine collected after consumption of traditionally smoked salmon for Native American volunteers.

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