Dataset Information

Pistillody mutant reveals key insights into stamen and pistil development in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

ABSTRACT: The pistillody mutant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plant HTS-1 exhibits homeotic transformation of stamens into pistils or pistil-like structures. Unlike common wheat varieties, HTS-1 produces three to six pistils per floret, potentially increasing the yield. Thus, HTS-1 is highly valuable in the study of floral development in wheat. In this study, we conducted RNA sequencing of the transcriptomes of the pistillody stamen (PS) and the pistil (P) from HTS-1 plants, and the stamen (S) from the non-pistillody control variety Chinese Spring TP to gain insights into pistil and stamen development in wheat.Approximately 40 Gb of processed reads were obtained from PS, P, and S. De novo assembly yielded 121,210 putative unigenes, with a mean length of 695 bp. Among these high-quality unigenes, 59,199 (48.84%) had at least one significant match with an existing gene model. A total of 23, 263, and 553 differentially expressed genes were identified in PS vs. P, PS vs. S, and P vs. S, respectively, with differences in expression greater than five-fold. Among the differentially expressed genes, 206 were highly correlated with stamen and pistil development. These genes include WM27B, DL, YAB1, YABBY4, WM 5, CER 1, and WBLH1, which have been implicated in flower development. The expression patterns of 25 differentially expressed genes were confirmed through quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR.Analysis of this transcriptome resource enabled us to characterize gene expression profiles, examine differential gene expression, and produce a candidate gene list related to wheat stamen and pistil development. This work is significant for the development of genomic resources for wheat, and provides important insights into the molecular mechanisms of wheat stamen and pistil development.

SUBMITTER: Yang Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4369888 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Pistillody mutant reveals key insights into stamen and pistil development in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Yang Zaijun Z Peng Zhengsong Z Wei Shuhong S Liao Mingli M Yu Yan Y Jang Zeyan Z

BMC genomics 20150319

<h4>Background</h4>The pistillody mutant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plant HTS-1 exhibits homeotic transformation of stamens into pistils or pistil-like structures. Unlike common wheat varieties, HTS-1 produces three to six pistils per floret, potentially increasing the yield. Thus, HTS-1 is highly valuable in the study of floral development in wheat. In this study, we conducted RNA sequencing of the transcriptomes of the pistillody stamen (PS) and the pistil (P) from HTS-1 plants, and the stam ...[more]

PMID: 25886815

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Project description:BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of regulatory small RNAs (sRNAs) that down-regulate target genes by mRNA degradation or translational repression. Numerous plant miRNAs have been identified. Evidence is increasing for their crucial roles during plant development. In the globally important crop of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), the process by which grains are formed determines yield and end-use quality. However, little is known about miRNA-mediated developmental regulation of grain production. Here, we applied high-throughput sRNA sequencing and genome-wide mining to identify miRNAs potentially involved in the developmental regulation of wheat grains. RESULTS: Four sRNA libraries were generated and sequenced from developing grains sampled at 5, 15, 25, and 30 days after pollination (DAP). Through integrative analysis, we identified 605 miRNAs (representing 540 families) and found that 86 are possibly involved in the control of grain-filling. Additionally, 268 novel miRNAs (182 families) were identified, with 18 of them also potentially related to that maturation process. Our target predictions indicated that the 104 grain filling-associated miRNAs might target a set of wheat genes involved in various biological processes, including the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins, transcription, cellular transport, cell organization and biogenesis, stress responses, signal transduction, and phytohormone signaling. Together, these results demonstrate that the developmental steps by which wheat grains are filled is correlated with miRNA-mediated gene regulatory networks. CONCLUSIONS: We identified 605 conserved and 268 novel miRNAs from wheat grains. Of these, 104 are potentially involved in the regulation of grain-filling. Our dataset provides a useful resource for investigating miRNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms in cereal grains, and our results suggest that miRNAs contribute to this regulation during a crucial phase in determining grain yield and flour quality.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Aegilops crassa cytoplasm is an important source for investigating cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). Moreover, the stamens of line C303A exhibit a high degree of pistillody, turning almost white. However, the molecular mechanism that underlies pistillody in C303A remains unclear. Therefore, to obtain a better understanding of pistillody in C303A, the phenotypic and cytological features of C303A were observed to identify the key stage for the homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures. Transcriptome profiles were determined for stamens using Illumina RNA sequencing. RESULTS:Morphological observations of the CMS wheat line with Aegilops crassa cytoplasm C303A showed that the pistils developed normally, but the stamens were ultimately aborted and they released no pollen when mature. According to paraffin section observations, the stamens began to transform into pistils or pistil-like structures in the binucleate stage (BNS). Therefore, the stamens were collected from line C303A and its maintainer 303B in the BNS for transcriptome sequencing. In total, 20,444 wheat genes were determined as differentially expressed in C303A and 303B stamens, with 10,283 upregulated and 10,161 downregulated genes. Gene Ontology enrichment analyses showed that most of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were annotated with GO terms comprising metabolic process, cell, cellular process, catalytic activity, and cell part. Analysis based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database showed that the enriched DEGs were mainly associated with energy metabolism. We also found several essential genes that may contribute to pistillody in C303A. These findings suggest that disrupted energy metabolism and reactive oxygen metabolism induce pistillody and eventually lead to abortion in C303A. CONCLUSION:We determined the complex transcriptome profiles for C303A stamens and demonstrated that disrupted energy metabolism and class B MADS-box genes are related to pistillody. These findings may facilitate future studies of the mechanistic response of the wheat stamen and pollen development in CMS.

Project description:Background Founder parents play extremely important roles in wheat breeding. Studies into the genetic basis of founder parents and the transmission rules of favorable alleles are of great significance in improving agronomically important traits in wheat. Results Here, a total of 366 founder parents, widely grown cultivars, and derivatives of four representative founder parents were genotyped based on efficient kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers in 87 agronomically important genes controlling yield, quality, adaptability, and stress resistance. Genetic composition analysis of founder parents and widely grown cultivars showed a consistently high frequency of favorable alleles for yield-related genes. This analysis further showed that other alleles favorable for resistance, strong gluten, dwarf size, and early heading date were also subject to selective pressure over time. By comparing the transmission of alleles from four representative founder parents to their derivatives during different breeding periods, it was found that the genetic composition of the representative founder parents was optimized as breeding progressed over time, with the number and types of favorable alleles carried gradually increasing and becoming enriched. There are still a large number of favorable alleles in wheat founder parents that have not been fully utilized in breeding selection. Eighty-seven agronomically important genes were used to construct an enrichment map that shows favorable alleles of four founder parents, providing an important theoretical foundation for future identification of candidate wheat founder parents. Conclusions These results reveal the genetic basis of founder parents and allele transmission for 87 agronomically important genes and shed light on breeding strategies for the next generation of elite founder parents in wheat. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-023-04098-x.

Dataset Information

Pistillody mutant reveals key insights into stamen and pistil development in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Publications

Pistillody mutant reveals key insights into stamen and pistil development in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Similar Datasets

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