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Bioactive endophytic fungi isolated from Caesalpinia echinata Lam. (Brazilwood) and identification of beauvericin as a trypanocidal metabolite from Fusarium sp.

ABSTRACT: Aiming to identify new sources of bioactive secondary metabolites, we isolated 82 endophytic fungi from stems and barks of the native Brazilian tree Caesalpinia echinata Lam. (Fabaceae). We tested their ethyl acetate extracts in several in vitro assays. The organic extracts from three isolates showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli [minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) 32-64 ?g/mL]. One isolate inhibited the growth of Salmonella typhimurium (MIC 64 ?g/mL) and two isolates inhibited the growth of Klebsiella oxytoca (MIC 64 ?g/mL), Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis (MIC 64-128 ?g/mL). Fourteen extracts at a concentration of 20 ?g/mL showed antitumour activities against human breast cancer and human renal cancer cells, while two isolates showed anti-tumour activities against human melanoma cancer cells. Six extracts were able to reduce the proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, indicating some degree of selective toxicity. Four isolates were able to inhibit Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and one isolate inhibited Trypanosoma cruzi by at least 40% at 20 ?g/mL. The trypanocidal extract obtained from Fusarium sp. [KF611679] culture was subjected to bioguided fractionation, which revealed beauvericin as the compound responsible for the observed toxicity of Fusarium sp. to T. cruzi. This depsipeptide showed a half maximal inhibitory concentration of 1.9 ?g/mL (2.43 ?M) in a T. cruzi cellular culture assay.

SUBMITTER: Campos FF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4371219 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Bioactive endophytic fungi isolated from Caesalpinia echinata Lam. (Brazilwood) and identification of beauvericin as a trypanocidal metabolite from Fusarium sp.

Campos Fernanda Fraga FF Sales Junior Policarpo A PA Romanha Alvaro José AJ Araújo Márcio S S MS Siqueira Ezequias P EP Resende Jarbas M JM Alves Tânia M A TM Martins-Filho Olindo A OA Santos Vera Lúcia dos VL Rosa Carlos A CA Zani Carlos L CL Cota Betania Barros BB

Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 20150116 1

Aiming to identify new sources of bioactive secondary metabolites, we isolated 82 endophytic fungi from stems and barks of the native Brazilian tree Caesalpinia echinata Lam. (Fabaceae). We tested their ethyl acetate extracts in several in vitro assays. The organic extracts from three isolates showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli [minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) 32-64 μg/mL]. One isolate inhibited the growth of Salmonella typhimurium (MIC 64 μg/ ...[more]

PMID: 25742265

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Project description:The taxonomy of the genus Fusarium has been in a flux because of ambiguous circumscription of species-level identification based on morphotaxonomic criteria. In this study, multigene phylogeny was conducted to resolve the evolutionary relationships of 88 Indian Fusarium isolates based on the internal transcribed spacer region, 28S large subunit, translation elongation factor 1-alpha, RNA polymerase second largest subunit, beta-tubulin and calmodulin gene regions. Fusarium species are well known to produce metabolites such as beauvericin (BEA) and enniatins. These identified isolates were subjected to fermentation in Fusarium-defined media for BEA production and tested using TLC, HPLC and HRMS. Among 88 isolates studied, 50 were capable of producing BEA, which varied from 0.01 to 15.82 mg/g of biomass. Fusarium tardicrescens NFCCI 5201 showed maximum BEA production (15.82 mg/g of biomass). The extract of F. tardicrescens NFCCI 5201 showed promising antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus MLS16 MTCC 2940 and Micrococcus luteus MTCC 2470 with MIC of 62.5 and 15.63 µg/mL, respectively. Similarly, the F. tardicrescens NFCCI 5201 extract in potato dextrose agar (40 µg/mL) exhibited antifungal activity in the food poison technique against plant pathogenic and other fungi, Rhizoctonia solani NFCCI 4327, Sclerotium rolfsii NFCCI 4263, Geotrichum candidum NFCCI 3744 and Pythium sp. NFCCI 3482, showing % inhibition of 84.31, 49.76, 38.22 and 35.13, respectively. The antibiotic effect was found to synergize when Fusarium extract and amphotericin B (20 µg/mL each in potato dextrose agar) were used in combination against Rhizopus sp. NFCCI 2108, Sclerotium rolfsii NFCCI 4263, Bipolaris sorokiniana NFCCI 4690 and Absidia sp. NFCCI 2716, showing % inhibition of 50.35, 79.37, 48.07 and 76.72, respectively. The extract also showed satisfactory dose-dependent DPPH radical scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 0.675 mg/mL. This study reveals the correct identity of the Indian Fusarium isolates based on multigene phylogeny and also throws light on BEA production potential, suggesting their possible applicability in the medicine, agriculture and industry.

Dataset Information

Bioactive endophytic fungi isolated from Caesalpinia echinata Lam. (Brazilwood) and identification of beauvericin as a trypanocidal metabolite from Fusarium sp.

Publications

Bioactive endophytic fungi isolated from Caesalpinia echinata Lam. (Brazilwood) and identification of beauvericin as a trypanocidal metabolite from Fusarium sp.

Similar Datasets

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