Unknown

Dataset Information

0

Risk factors for Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte positivity in a longitudinal cohort.


ABSTRACT: Malaria transmission intensity is highly heterogeneous even at a very small scale. Implementing targeted intervention in malaria transmission hotspots offers the potential to reduce the burden of disease both locally and in adjacent areas. Transmission of malaria parasites from man to mosquito requires the production of gametocyte stage parasites. Cluster analysis of a 19-year long cohort study for gametocyte carriage revealed spatially defined gametocyte hotspots that occurred during the time when chloroquine was the drug used for clinical case treatment. In addition to known risk factors for gametocyte carriage, notably young age (<15 years old) and associated with a clinical episode, blood groups B and O increased risk compared to groups A and AB. A hotspot of clinical P. falciparum clinical episodes that overlapped the gametocyte hotspots was also identified. Gametocyte positivity was found to be increased in individuals who had been treated with chloroquine, as opposed to other drug treatment regimens, for a clinical P. falciparum episode up to 30 days previously. It seems likely the hotspots were generated by a vicious circle of ineffective treatment of clinical cases and concomitant gametocyte production in a sub-population characterized by an increased prevalence of all the identified risk factors. While rapid access to treatment with an effective anti-malarial can reduce the duration of gametocyte carriage and onward parasite transmission, localised hotspots represent a challenge to malaria control and eventual eradication.

SUBMITTER: Grange L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4382284 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

altmetric image

Publications

Risk factors for Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte positivity in a longitudinal cohort.

Grange Laura L   Loucoubar Cheikh C   Telle Olivier O   Tall Adama A   Faye Joseph J   Sokhna Cheikh C   Trape Jean-François JF   Sakuntabhai Anavaj A   Bureau Jean-François JF   Paul Richard R  

PloS one 20150401 4


Malaria transmission intensity is highly heterogeneous even at a very small scale. Implementing targeted intervention in malaria transmission hotspots offers the potential to reduce the burden of disease both locally and in adjacent areas. Transmission of malaria parasites from man to mosquito requires the production of gametocyte stage parasites. Cluster analysis of a 19-year long cohort study for gametocyte carriage revealed spatially defined gametocyte hotspots that occurred during the time w  ...[more]

Similar Datasets

| S-EPMC3842684 | biostudies-literature
| S-EPMC6483257 | biostudies-literature
2021-02-01 | GSE160924 | GEO
| S-EPMC7902058 | biostudies-literature
| S-EPMC4234195 | biostudies-literature
| S-EPMC3080384 | biostudies-literature
| S-EPMC6391934 | biostudies-literature
| S-EPMC6195661 | biostudies-literature
| S-EPMC4132200 | biostudies-literature
| S-EPMC5696713 | biostudies-literature