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Eighteenth-century genomes show that mixed infections were common at time of peak tuberculosis in Europe.

ABSTRACT: Tuberculosis (TB) was once a major killer in Europe, but it is unclear how the strains and patterns of infection at 'peak TB' relate to what we see today. Here we describe 14 genome sequences of M. tuberculosis, representing 12 distinct genotypes, obtained from human remains from eighteenth-century Hungary using metagenomics. All our historic genotypes belong to M. tuberculosis Lineage 4. Bayesian phylogenetic dating, based on samples with well-documented dates, places the most recent common ancestor of this lineage in the late Roman period. We find that most bodies yielded more than one M. tuberculosis genotype and we document an intimate epidemiological link between infections in two long-dead individuals. Our results suggest that metagenomic approaches usefully inform detection and characterization of historical and contemporary infections.

SUBMITTER: Kay GL 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4396363 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Eighteenth-century genomes show that mixed infections were common at time of peak tuberculosis in Europe.

Kay Gemma L GL   Sergeant Martin J MJ   Zhou Zhemin Z   Chan Jacqueline Z-M JZ   Millard Andrew A   Quick Joshua J   Szikossy Ildikó I   Pap Ildikó I   Spigelman Mark M   Loman Nicholas J NJ   Achtman Mark M   Donoghue Helen D HD   Pallen Mark J MJ  

Nature communications 20150407

Tuberculosis (TB) was once a major killer in Europe, but it is unclear how the strains and patterns of infection at 'peak TB' relate to what we see today. Here we describe 14 genome sequences of M. tuberculosis, representing 12 distinct genotypes, obtained from human remains from eighteenth-century Hungary using metagenomics. All our historic genotypes belong to M. tuberculosis Lineage 4. Bayesian phylogenetic dating, based on samples with well-documented dates, places the most recent common anc  ...[more]

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