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Effects of dietary supplementation with glutamate and aspartate on diquat-induced oxidative stress in piglets.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of dietary glutamate and aspartate supplementations on diquat-induced oxidative stress in piglets. Diquat injection significantly reduced growth performance, including body weight, average daily weight gain, and feed intake (P<0.05). Meanwhile, diquat administration induced oxidative stress evidenced by the decreased serum nitric oxide (NO) and elevated malondialdeyhde (MDA) concentration (P<0.05). Furthermore, diquat-induced oxidative stress disrupted intestinal absorption system and decreased serum threonine, serine, and glycine levels. Dietary supplementation with glutamate improved final body weight, antioxidant system, and expressions of amino acids transporters and enhanced serum glutamate concentration compared with diquat group (P<0.05). While aspartate failed to alleviate diquat-induced oxidative stress, growth depression, and dysfunction of nutrients absorption except for liver relative weight. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with glutamate confers beneficial effects on diquat-induced oxidative stress in piglets, while aspartate exhibits little effects.

SUBMITTER: Yin J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4398417 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of dietary supplementation with glutamate and aspartate on diquat-induced oxidative stress in piglets.

Yin Jie J Liu Mingfeng M Ren Wenkai W Duan Jielin J Yang Guan G Zhao Yurong Y Fang Rejun R Chen Lixiang L Li Tiejun T Yin Yulong Y

PloS one 20150415 4

This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of dietary glutamate and aspartate supplementations on diquat-induced oxidative stress in piglets. Diquat injection significantly reduced growth performance, including body weight, average daily weight gain, and feed intake (P<0.05). Meanwhile, diquat administration induced oxidative stress evidenced by the decreased serum nitric oxide (NO) and elevated malondialdeyhde (MDA) concentration (P<0.05). Furthermore, diquat-induced oxidative stres ...[more]

PMID: 25875335

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Project description:Previous studies have shown that dietary resveratrol (RES) reduces diarrhea and attenuates oxidative stress in piglets challenged with diquat. However, the effect of dietary resveratrol on the gut microbiota of these piglets, as well as the potential relationships between intestinal microflora and metabolites, remain unclear. Here, 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing and metabolome analyses were performed to investigate the effect of RES on the gut microbiota and metabolome of diquat-challenged piglets. A total of 18 weaned piglets (aged 28 ± 2 days) were divided into the control group (basal diet), diquat group (basal diet + diquat challenge), and RES group (basal diet containing 90 mg/kg RES + diquat challenge). Compared with the control group, piglets in the diquat group showed enriched relative abundance of the phyla Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, the genus Ruminococcaceae UCG-005, and members of the Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group. Noteworthy, RES supplementation significantly reduced the levels of these microorganisms. In contrast, the relative abundance of some beneficial bacterial species in the RES group, such as the genera Clostridium sensu stricto 1 and Lachnospiraceae unclassified were significantly higher than in the diquat and control groups. Metabolomic analysis indicated that some metabolites, including indole-3-carbinol, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid, and uridine, were significantly upregulated upon RES supplementation. In particular, the relative abundance of uridine, indole, and alpha- and beta-dihydroresveratrol was significantly higher in the RES group than in the control group. Moreover, most gut bacterial genera were found to be highly correlated with altered gut microbiota-related metabolites. These findings suggest that dietary supplementation with resveratrol may alter the composition and metabolites of colonic microbiota in diquat-challenged piglets, which provides important insights into the use of resveratrol as a feed additive for gut microbial regulation in piglets with inflammatory and oxidative stress-associated disorders.

Project description:In the present study, we investigated the influence of diquat-induced oxidative stress on intestinal barrier, mitochondrial function, and the level of mitophagy in piglets. Twelve male Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire 35-d-old pigs (weaned at 21 d of age), with an average body of 9.6 kg, were allotted to two treatments of six piglets each including the challenged group and the control group. The challenged pigs were injected with 100 mg/kg bodyweight diquat and control pigs injected with 0.9% (w/v) NaCl solution. The results showed that diquat injection decreased ADFI and ADG. Diquat decreased (P < 0.05) the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and increased (P < 0.05) the malondialdehyde concentrations. The lower (P < 0.05) transepithelial electrical resistance and higher (P < 0.05) paracellular permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanatedextran 4 kDa were found in diquat challenged piglets. Meanwhile, diquat decreased (P < 0.05) the protein abundance of claudin-1, occluding, and zonula occludens-1 in jejunum compared with the control group. Diquat-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, as demonstrated by increased (P < 0.05) reactive oxygen species production and decreased (P < 0.05) membrane potential of intestinal mitochondria. Diquat-injected pigs revealed a decrease (P < 0.05) of mRNA abundance of genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis and functions, PPARg coactivator-1α, mammalian-silencing information regulator-1, nuclear respiratory factor-1, mt transcription factor A, mt single-strand DNA-binding protein, mt polymerase r, glucokinase, citrate synthase, ATP synthase, and cytochrome coxidase subunit I and V in the jejunum. Diquat induced an increase (P < 0.05) in expression of mitophagy-related proteins, phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10-induced putative kinase, and Parkin in the intestinal mitochondria, as well as an enhancement of the ratio of light chain 3-II (LC3-II) to LC3-I content in the jejunal mucosa. These results suggest that oxidative stress disrupted the intestinal barrier, caused mitochondrial dysfunction, and triggered mitophagy.

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Dataset Information

Effects of dietary supplementation with glutamate and aspartate on diquat-induced oxidative stress in piglets.

Publications

Effects of dietary supplementation with glutamate and aspartate on diquat-induced oxidative stress in piglets.

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