Dataset Information

N2O production, a widespread trait in fungi.

ABSTRACT: N2O is a powerful greenhouse gas contributing both to global warming and ozone depletion. While fungi have been identified as a putative source of N2O, little is known about their production of this greenhouse gas. Here we investigated the N2O-producing ability of a collection of 207 fungal isolates. Seventy strains producing N2O in pure culture were identified. They were mostly species from the order Hypocreales order-particularly Fusarium oxysporum and Trichoderma spp.-and to a lesser extent species from the orders Eurotiales, Sordariales, and Chaetosphaeriales. The N2O (15)N site preference (SP) values of the fungal strains ranged from 15.8‰ to 36.7‰, and we observed a significant taxa effect, with Penicillium strains displaying lower SP values than the other fungal genera. Inoculation of 15 N2O-producing strains into pre-sterilized arable, forest and grassland soils confirmed the ability of the strains to produce N2O in soil with a significant strain-by-soil effect. The copper-containing nitrite reductase gene (nirK) was amplified from 45 N2O-producing strains, and its genetic variability showed a strong congruence with the ITS phylogeny, indicating vertical inheritance of this trait. Taken together, this comprehensive set of findings should enhance our knowledge of fungi as a source of N2O in the environment.

SUBMITTER: Maeda K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4403702 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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N2O production, a widespread trait in fungi.

Maeda Koki K Spor Aymé A Edel-Hermann Véronique V Heraud Cécile C Breuil Marie-Christine MC Bizouard Florian F Toyoda Sakae S Yoshida Naohiro N Steinberg Christian C Philippot Laurent L

Scientific reports 20150420

N2O is a powerful greenhouse gas contributing both to global warming and ozone depletion. While fungi have been identified as a putative source of N2O, little is known about their production of this greenhouse gas. Here we investigated the N2O-producing ability of a collection of 207 fungal isolates. Seventy strains producing N2O in pure culture were identified. They were mostly species from the order Hypocreales order-particularly Fusarium oxysporum and Trichoderma spp.-and to a lesser extent s ...[more]

PMID: 25894103

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Project description:Chronic amendment of agricultural soil with synthetic nitrogen fertilization and/or livestock manure has been demonstrated to enhance the feedback intensity of net N2O emission to temperature variation (i.e., temperature sensitivity, TS). Yet few studies have explored the relevance of changes in underlying gross N2O production and consumption processes toward explaining this phenomenon, in particular for the latter. Furthermore, the microbe-based mechanisms associated with the variation of N2O consumption process remain largely unexplored. To address this knowledge gap, a temperature- (15, 25, and 35°C) and moisture-controlled (50% water holding capacity) microcosm incubation experiment was established using an arable soil subject to long-term addition of synthetic fertilizer (NPK), a mixture of synthetic fertilizer with livestock manure (MNPK), or with no fertilizer treatment (CT). Over the incubation time period, the C2H2 inhibition method was adopted to monitor reaction rates of gross N2O production and consumption; the population sizes and community structures of nosZI- and nosZII-N2O reducers were analyzed using quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). The results indicated that only NPK significantly increased the TS of net N2O emission, and gross N2O consumption process consistently occurred under all treatment combinations (temperature and fertilization) at each sampling time point. The responses of gross N2O production and consumption processes to temperature elevation exhibited fertilization- and sampling time-dependent pattern, and the higher net N2O production TS in the NPK treatment was underlain by its higher TS of gross production process and insensitivity of gross consumption process to temperature. The size and structure of nosZII-N2O reducers, as well as the community structure of nosZI-N2O reducers, were positively correlated with variation of gross N2O production and consumption rates across all fertilization regimes. NosZII-N2O reducer abundance was less responsive to temperature change, and its community structure less susceptible to fertilization, as compared with nosZI-N2O reducers. Overall, our results demonstrate that the TS of the gross N2O production process, not gross consumption, is the key step regulating the TS of net N2O production, and both nosZI- and nosZII-N2O clades are likely active N2O reducers in the tested soil.

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N2O production, a widespread trait in fungi.

Publications

N2O production, a widespread trait in fungi.

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