Dataset Information

Nonequilibrium Conditions Explain Spatial Variability in Genetic Structuring of Little Penguin (Eudyptula minor).

ABSTRACT: Factors responsible for spatial structuring of population genetic variation are varied, and in many instances there may be no obvious explanations for genetic structuring observed, or those invoked may reflect spurious correlations. A study of little penguins (Eudyptula minor) in southeast Australia documented low spatial structuring of genetic variation with the exception of colonies at the western limit of sampling, and this distinction was attributed to an intervening oceanographic feature (Bonney Upwelling), differences in breeding phenology, or sea level change. Here, we conducted sampling across the entire Australian range, employing additional markers (12 microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA, 697 individuals, 17 colonies). The zone of elevated genetic structuring previously observed actually represents the eastern half of a genetic cline, within which structuring exists over much shorter spatial scales than elsewhere. Colonies separated by as little as 27 km in the zone are genetically distinguishable, while outside the zone, homogeneity cannot be rejected at scales of up to 1400 km. Given a lack of additional physical or environmental barriers to gene flow, the zone of elevated genetic structuring may reflect secondary contact of lineages (with or without selection against interbreeding), or recent colonization and expansion from this region. This study highlights the importance of sampling scale to reveal the cause of genetic structuring.

SUBMITTER: Burridge CP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4406270 | biostudies-literature | 2015 May-Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Nonequilibrium Conditions Explain Spatial Variability in Genetic Structuring of Little Penguin (Eudyptula minor).

Burridge Christopher P CP Peucker Amanda J AJ Valautham Sureen K SK Styan Craig A CA Dann Peter P

The Journal of heredity 20150401 3

Factors responsible for spatial structuring of population genetic variation are varied, and in many instances there may be no obvious explanations for genetic structuring observed, or those invoked may reflect spurious correlations. A study of little penguins (Eudyptula minor) in southeast Australia documented low spatial structuring of genetic variation with the exception of colonies at the western limit of sampling, and this distinction was attributed to an intervening oceanographic feature (B ...[more]

PMID: 25833231

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Project description:Adolescent childbearing rates are higher in Central America than almost anywhere else. However, in this research we discovered that adolescent childbearing exhibits variability from one village to another, and we might discover factors associated with this spatial variability that can help us understand key characteristics underlying the pattern of early childbearing. To do this, we assessed the village-level normative and network factors associated with adolescent birth (birth taking place before age 20 years) in rural Honduras and evaluated the geographic dispersion of these patterns. We used full population data from 24,937 people in 176 villages (81% of the eligible population) to assess prevalence and patterns of adolescent childbearing among women. We modeled the predictors of adolescent births among women younger than 21 years. After accounting for individual demographic characteristics, one of the strongest predictors of adolescent birth within the population was village-level collective norms about the acceptability of adolescent childbearing, based on aggregating normative measures from the entire population. The proportion of women in the village who had given birth as an adolescent was also strongly associated with an individual girl's likelihood of having given birth as an adolescent. We used full village-level network analyses to calculate social cohesion within the village. Normative pressure was strongly associated with the likelihood of an adolescent birth in villages with high cohesion (high network density) and was not associated or had a weak association in villages with low cohesion. On the other hand, the longer a girl had lived in the village, the stronger the association between the overall proportion of women in that village who gave birth as adolescents and the girl's own likelihood of having done so. Spatial analyses suggest that levels of adolescent births vary spatially across villages, as do the village-level normative factors associated with them.

Dataset Information

Nonequilibrium Conditions Explain Spatial Variability in Genetic Structuring of Little Penguin (Eudyptula minor).

Publications

Nonequilibrium Conditions Explain Spatial Variability in Genetic Structuring of Little Penguin (Eudyptula minor).

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