Dataset Information

Ascaris and Escherichia coli Inactivation in an Ecological Sanitation System in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.

ABSTRACT: The goal of this study was to evaluate the microbial die-off in a latrine waste composting system in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Temperature data and samples were collected from compost aged 0-12+ months. Samples collected from compost bin centers and corners at two depths were assessed for moisture content, E. coli concentration, and Ascaris spp. viability. Center temperatures in compost bins were all above 58 °C, while corner temperatures were 10 - 20 °C lower. Moisture content was 67 ± 10% in all except the oldest compost. A 4-log reduction in E. coli was observed over the first sixteen weeks of composting at both locations and depths, after which E. coli was undetectable (LOD: 142 MPN g(-1) dry weight). In new compost, 10.4% and 8.3% of Ascaris eggs were viable and fully embryonated, respectively. Percent viability dropped to zero in samples older than six weeks. These findings indicate that the Haitian EcoSan composting process was effective in inactivating E. coli and Ascaris spp. in latrine waste within sixteen weeks. This study is one of the first to document efficacy of an ecological sanitation system under field conditions and provides insight into composting methods and monitoring for other international settings.

SUBMITTER: Berendes D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4416818 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Ascaris and Escherichia coli Inactivation in an Ecological Sanitation System in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.

Berendes David D Levy Karen K Knee Jackie J Handzel Thomas T Hill Vincent R VR

PloS one 20150501 5

The goal of this study was to evaluate the microbial die-off in a latrine waste composting system in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Temperature data and samples were collected from compost aged 0-12+ months. Samples collected from compost bin centers and corners at two depths were assessed for moisture content, E. coli concentration, and Ascaris spp. viability. Center temperatures in compost bins were all above 58 °C, while corner temperatures were 10 - 20 °C lower. Moisture content was 67 ± 10% in all ...[more]

PMID: 25932948

Similar Datasets

Project description:IntroductionDiabetes mellitus is a chronic noncommunicable disease associated with death and major disability, with increasing prevalence in low- and middle-income countries. There is limited population-based data about diabetes in Haiti. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of diabetes and associated factors among adults in Port-au-Prince, Haiti using a population-based cohort.MethodsThis study analyzes cross-sectional enrollment data from the population-based Haiti Cardiovascular Disease Cohort Study, conducted using multistage sampling with global positioning system waypoints in census blocks in the metropolitan area of Port-au-Prince, Haiti. A total of 3,005 adults ≥18 years old were enrolled from March 2019 to August 2021. We collected socio-demographic data, health-related behaviors, and clinical data using standardized questionnaires. Diabetes was defined as any of the following criteria: enrollment fasting glucose value ≥ 126 mg/dL or non-fasting glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL, patient self-report of taking diabetes medications, or study physician diagnosis of diabetes based on clinical evaluation.ResultsAmong 2985 (99.3%) with complete diabetes data, median age was 40 years, 58.1% were female, and 17.2% were obese. The prevalence of diabetes was 5.4% crude, and 5.2% age standardized. In unadjusted analysis, older age, higher body mass index (BMI), low physical activity, low education were associated with a higher odds of diabetes. After multivariable logistic regression, older age [60+ vs 18-29, Odds Ratio (OR)17.7, 95% CI 6.6 to 47.9] and higher BMI (obese vs normal/underweight, OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.7 to 4.4) remained statistically significantly associated with higher odds of diabetes.ConclusionThe prevalence of diabetes was relatively low among adults in Port-au-Prince, but much higher among certain groups (participants who were older and obese). The Haitian health system should be strengthened to prevent, diagnose, and treat diabetes among high-risk groups.

Project description:BackgroundEighty percent of global cardiovascular disease (CVD) is projected to occur in low- and middle -income countries (LMICs), yet local epidemiological data are scarce. We provide the first population-based, adjudicated CVD prevalence estimates in Port-au-Prince, Haiti to describe the spectrum of heart disease and investigate associated risk factors.MethodsDemographic, medical history, clinical, imaging and laboratory data were collected among adults recruited using multistage random sampling from 2019 to 2021. Prevalent CVD (heart failure, stroke, ischemic disease) were adjudicated using epidemiological criteria similar to international cohorts. Multivariable Poisson regressions assessed relationships between risk factors and prevalent CVD.FindingsAmong 3003 participants, median age was 40 years, 58.1% were female, 70.2% reported income <1 USD/day, and all identified as Black Haitian. CVD age-adjusted prevalence was 14.7% (95% CI 13.3%, 16.5%), including heart failure (11.9% [95% CI 10.5%, 13.5%]), stroke (2.4% [95% CI 1.9%, 3.3%]), angina (2.1% [95% CI 1.6%, 2.9%]), myocardial infarction (1.0% [95% CI 0.6%, 1.8%]), and transient ischemic attack (0.4% [95% CI 0.2%, 1.0%]). Among participants with heart failure, median age was 57 years and 68.5% of cases were among women. The most common subtype was heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (80.4%). Heart failure was associated with hypertension, obesity, chronic kidney disease, depression, and stress.InterpretationEarly-onset heart failure prevalence is alarmingly high in urban Haiti and challenge modelling assumptions that ischemic heart disease and stroke dominate CVDs in LMICs. These data underscore the importance of local population-based epidemiologic data within LMICs to expedite the selection and implementation of evidence-based cardiovascular health policies targeting each country's spectrum of heart disease.FundingThis study was funded by NIH grants R01HL143788, D43TW011972, and K24HL163393, clinicaltrials.govNCT03892265.

Dataset Information

Ascaris and Escherichia coli Inactivation in an Ecological Sanitation System in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.

Publications

Ascaris and Escherichia coli Inactivation in an Ecological Sanitation System in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets