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Genetic polymorphisms of the sortase A gene and social-behavioural factors associated with caries in children: a case-control study.

ABSTRACT: Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is the primary etiological agent of dental caries. Sortase is a transpeptidase that anchors several surface proteins to the S. mutans cell wall and has been shown to play a major role in cariogenicity. The purpose of this study was to explore the genetic polymorphisms of the sortase gene (srtA) and the social-behavioural factors associated with dental caries in children with S. mutans.In this case-control study, 121 S. mutans strains were separately selected from caries-free children and high-severity caries children for sequencing of the srtA gene. Social and behavioural data were collected by self-administered questionnaires. Genomic DNA was extracted from S. mutans strains and amplified by PCR to obtain the srtA gene. The purified PCR products were sequenced and analysed for mutations with ABI Variant Reporter software. The distribution of missense mutations and the mean of social-behavioural factors were compared between the groups. A multiple logistic regression model was used to control for confounding factors.The mutation frequencies at loci 168 (P = 0.023) and 470 (P = 0.032) were significantly different between the groups. The best-fitting model showed that greater age, high frequencies of solid sugar consumption, prolonged breastfeeding, a high proportion of visible plaque, and S. mutans with a T at locus 168 of the srtA gene were associated with high-severity caries in children (P < 0.05). Children carrying a G at locus 168 of S. mutans had a decreased risk for high-severity caries (OR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.12-0.86) compared with those carrying a T.The present study suggested that the locus 168 missense mutation of the srtA gene may correlate with caries susceptibility in children with S. mutans. In addition, age, duration of breastfeeding, solid sugar consumption, and poor oral hygiene contributed to this complex disease.

SUBMITTER: Yu LX

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4423529 | biostudies-literature | 2015 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genetic polymorphisms of the sortase A gene and social-behavioural factors associated with caries in children: a case-control study.

Yu Li Xia LX Tao Ye Y Qiu Rong Min RM Zhou Yan Y Zhi Qing Hui QH Lin Huan Cai HC

BMC oral health 20150502

<h4>Background</h4>Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is the primary etiological agent of dental caries. Sortase is a transpeptidase that anchors several surface proteins to the S. mutans cell wall and has been shown to play a major role in cariogenicity. The purpose of this study was to explore the genetic polymorphisms of the sortase gene (srtA) and the social-behavioural factors associated with dental caries in children with S. mutans.<h4>Methods</h4>In this case-control study, 121 S. mutans st ...[more]

PMID: 25934314

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Project description:AimDental enamel, the most rigid biological tissue of the tooth known to mankind, is the most integral and fundamental part of the tooth. Enamel matrixes compile 5% of Enamelin peptides and at the time of tooth development, they are considered to effect the formation and elongation of enamel crystallites. ENAM plays critical role in enamel formation. Any changes in ENAM may affect the thickness of enamel and may lead to dental caries. The present study is aimed to evaluate the association of ENAM gene polymorphisms and susceptibility of dental caries development risk.Material and methodsThe present study was carried out on 168 South Indian children, children's with dental caries were included in study. Written consent was taken from their parents/guardians. Additionally 193 healthy individuals were enrolled as controls. Sampling was done after dental examination of the individuals. Three ENAM gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were rs7671281, rs3796704 and rs12640848 was genotyped to check their role in susceptibility of dental caries development risk.ResultsOut of three SNPs rs7671281 showed statistically significant risk association with dental caries susceptibility in this ethnic population at heterozygous allele CT (OR: 1.939, p = .01865) and with minor allele T (OR: 1.451, p = .001292). SNP rs3796704 showed significant protective association with dental caries in Indian population at heterozygous allele GA (OR: 0.409, p = .0192) and with minor allele A (OR: 0.645, p = .00875). SNP rs12640848 showed significant protective association with dental caries in Indian population at heterozygous allele AG (OR: 3.041, p = .00642) and with minor allele G (OR: 1.478, p = .02184). Preliminary insilico analysis also showed that rs7671281 (Ile648Thr) amino acid change will cause the structural and functional changes in ENAM protein.ConclusionsIn the present study significant association was observed between ENAM gene SNP rs7671281 and dental caries susceptibility in South Indian children. These results suggested that ENAM gene variants may contribute to dental caries in children.

Project description:BackgroundIt has been well documented that the absence of family support influences the general and oral health of children. Literature regarding the oral health status of institutionalized orphan children, who lost their families' support, especially in Egypt, remains vague. Therefore, the current study was carried out to assess dental caries among two groups of institutionalized orphan children, and compare their results with a group of parented school children in Giza, Egypt.MethodsA total of 156 children were included in this study, residing in a non-governmental orphanage, a governmental orphanage, and parented children attending private primary school. Written informed consent was obtained before the start of the study from the legal guardians or the child's parent. The dental examination was carried out as recommended by the WHO. DMF and def indices were used to assess dental caries for primary and permanent teeth. Also, the unmet treatment needs index, care index, and significant caries index were calculated.ResultsThe results revealed that mean values for DMF total score were 1.86 ± 2.96, 1.80 ± 2.54, and 0.7 5 ± 1.29 for, non-governmental, governmental orphanages, and school children respectively. While the mean def total scores were 1.69 ± 2.58, 0.41 ± 0.89, and 0.85 ± 1.79 for non-governmental, governmental orphanages, and school children, respectively. There was a high level of unmet treatment needs, especially among orphans. The significant caries index was 2.5, 4.29, and 2.17 for, non-governmental, governmental orphanages, and school children, respectively.ConclusionsWithin the limitation of this case-control study, the institutionalized orphanage children had a high prevalence of dental caries and worse caries experience compared to parented school children. Effective oral health preventive strategies are required to improve the oral health status and oral health practices of those children.Trial registrationThe trial was registered on ClinicalTrial.gov (ID: NCT05652231).

Project description:BackgroundThe risk factors for scrub typhus in Vietnam remain unknown. Scrub typhus caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi often presents as an undifferentiated febrile illness and remains under appreciated due to the limited availability of diagnostic tests. This tropical rickettsial illness is increasingly recognized as an important cause of non-malaria acute undifferentiated fever in Asia. This study aimed to investigate behavioural and ecological related risk factors of scrub typhus to prevent this potentially life-threatening disease in Vietnam.MethodsWe conducted a clinical hospital-based active surveillance study, and a retrospective residence-enrolment date-age-matched case-control study in Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam, from August 2018 to March 2020. Clinical examinations, polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay IgM tests were applied to define cases and controls. All enrolled participants filled out a questionnaire including demographic socio-economic status, personal behaviors/protective equipment, habitat connections, land use, and possible exposure to the vector. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to define the scrub typhus associated risk factors.ResultsWe identified 44 confirmed cases and matched them with 152 controls. Among cases and controls, the largest age group was the 41-50 years old and males accounted for 61.4% and 42.8%, respectively. There were similarities in demographic characteristics between the two groups, with the exception of occupation. Several factors were significantly associated with acquisition of scrub typhus, including sitting/laying directly on household floor [adjusted OR (aOR) = 4.9, 95% CI: 1.6-15.1, P = 0.006], household with poor sanitation/conditions (aOR = 7.9, 95% CI: 1.9-32.9, P = 0.005), workplace environment with risk (aOR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.2-7.6, P = 0.020), always observing mice around home (aOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.4-9.9, P = 0.008), and use of personal protective equipment in the field (aOR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.1-1.1, P = 0.076).ConclusionsEcological and household hygiene-related factors were more associated with scrub typhus infection, than individual-level exposure activities in the hyper-endemic area. These findings support local education and allow people to protect themselves from scrub typhus, especially in areas with limitations in diagnostic capacity.

Dataset Information

Genetic polymorphisms of the sortase A gene and social-behavioural factors associated with caries in children: a case-control study.

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Genetic polymorphisms of the sortase A gene and social-behavioural factors associated with caries in children: a case-control study.

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