Dataset Information

Teenage acne and cancer risk in US women: A prospective cohort study.

ABSTRACT: Acne reflects hormone imbalance and is a key component of several systemic diseases. We hypothesized that diagnosis of acne as a teenager might predict subsequent risk of hormone-related cancers.We followed 99,128 female nurses in the Nurses' Health Study II cohort for 20 years (1989-2009) and used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of 8 specific cancers (breast, thyroid, colorectal, ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers, melanoma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma) for women with a history of severe teenage acne.After thoroughly adjusting for the previously known risk factors for each cancer, we found that among women with a history of severe teenage acne, the relative risk increased, with a multivariable-adjusted HR of 1.44 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-2.01) for melanoma. We replicated this association in an independent melanoma case-control study of 930 cases and 1026 controls (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.03-1.56). We also found that in both studies the individuals with teenage acne were more likely to have moles (52.7% vs 50.1%, P?

SUBMITTER: Zhang M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4424088 | biostudies-literature | 2015 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Teenage acne and cancer risk in US women: A prospective cohort study.

Zhang Mingfeng M Qureshi Abrar A AA Fortner Renée T RT Hankinson Susan E SE Wei Qingyi Q Wang Li-E LE Eliassen A Heather AH Willett Walter C WC Hunter David J DJ Han Jiali J

Cancer 20150108 10

<h4>Background</h4>Acne reflects hormone imbalance and is a key component of several systemic diseases. We hypothesized that diagnosis of acne as a teenager might predict subsequent risk of hormone-related cancers.<h4>Methods</h4>We followed 99,128 female nurses in the Nurses' Health Study II cohort for 20 years (1989-2009) and used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of 8 specific cancers (breast, thyroid, colorectal, ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers, m ...[more]

PMID: 25572604

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Project description:Study questionIs there a relationship between severe teenage acne and endometriosis?Summary answerEndometriosis is positively associated with severe teenage acne.What is known alreadyNo studies have specifically explored a possible association between severe acne in adolescence and risk of endometriosis.Study design, size, durationThis prospective cohort study used data collected from 88 623 female nurses from September 1989 to June 2009 as part of the Nurses' Health Study II (NHS II) cohort.Participants/materials, setting, methodsRegression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) for endometriosis among women with and without severe teenage acne. Multivariate models were adjusted for established risk factors of endometriosis.Main results and the role of chanceA total of 4 382 laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis cases were documented during 1 132 272 woman-years of follow-up. Compared with women without a history of severe teenage acne, women who had severe teenage acne had a 20% increased risk of endometriosis (HR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.08-1.32). The association was not affected by adjusting for use of tetracycline or isotretinoin.Limitations and reasons for cautionThe HR is likely to be underestimated since we only included endometriosis cases confirmed by laparoscopy. Although geographically diverse, the NHS II cohort is primarily Caucasian, which may limit generalization to more ethnically diverse populations.Wider implications of the studyThe results of this study suggest that severe teenage acne is associated with an increased risk of endometriosis. As a visible and non-invasive clinical indicator, severe teenage acne may be useful for early detection of endometriosis. We bring this counter-intuitive association to the attention of clinicians for the benefit of the patient and an early diagnosis of endometriosis.Study funding/competing interestThis study was funded by research grant CA176726 from the National Institute of Health. M.K. is supported by a Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme (#PIOF-GA-2011-302078). The funding agencies had no role in the design of the study, in the analysis and interpretation of the data, in the writing of the report or in the decision to submit the paper for publication.

Project description:Identification of blood biomarkers that prospectively predict progression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection to tuberculosis disease might lead to interventions that combat the tuberculosis epidemic. We aimed to assess whether global gene expression measured in whole blood of healthy people allowed identification of prospective signatures of risk of active tuberculosis disease. RESULTS:Between July 6, 2005, and April 23, 2007, we enrolled 6363 from the ACS study and 4466 from independent South African and Gambian cohorts. 46 progressors and 107 matched controls were identified in the ACS cohort. A 16 gene signature of risk was identified. The signature predicted tuberculosis progression with a sensitivity of 66Â·1% (95% CI 63Â·2â68Â·9) and a specificity of 80Â·6% (79Â·2â82Â·0) in the 12 months preceding tuberculosis diagnosis. The risk signature was validated in an untouched group of adolescents (p=0Â·018 for RNA sequencing and p=0Â·0095 for qRT-PCR) and in the independent South African and Gambian cohorts (p values <0Â·0001 by qRT-PCR) with a sensitivity of 53Â·7% (42Â·6â64Â·3) and a specificity of 82Â·8% (76Â·7â86) in 12 months preceding tuberculosis. Interpretation: The whole blood tuberculosis risk signature prospectively identified people at risk of developing active tuberculosis, opening the possibility for targeted intervention to prevent the disease. In this prospective cohort study, we followed up healthy, South African adolescents aged 12â18 years from the adolescent cohort study (ACS) who were infected with M tuberculosis for 2 years. We collected blood samples from study participants every 6 months and monitored the adolescents for progression to tuberculosis disease. A prospective signature of risk was derived from whole blood RNA sequencing data by comparing participants who developed active tuberculosis disease (progressors) with those who remained healthy (matched controls). After adaptation to multiplex qRT-PCR, the signature was used to predict tuberculosis disease in untouched adolescent samples and in samples from independent cohorts of South African and Gambian adult progressors and controls. Participants of the independent cohorts were household contacts of adults with active pulmonary tuberculosis disease.

Project description:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate whether the association between migraine with aura and increased risk of cardiovascular disease is modified by vascular risk groups as measured by the Framingham risk score for coronary heart disease. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:Women's health study, United States. PARTICIPANTS:27 519 women who were free from cardiovascular disease at baseline with available information on the Framingham risk score and migraine status. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Time to major cardiovascular disease event (non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal ischaemic stroke, death from ischaemic cardiovascular disease), myocardial infarction, and ischaemic stroke. RESULTS:At baseline, 3577 (13.0%) women reported active migraine, of whom 1418 (39.6%) reported migraine with aura. During 11.9 years of follow-up, there were 697 cardiovascular disease events. We stratified participants based on 10 year risk of coronary heart disease estimated from the Framingham risk score (<or=1%, 2-4%, 5-9%, and >or=10%). Compared with women without migraine, the age adjusted hazard ratios in women with active migraine with aura were 1.93 (95% confidence interval 1.45 to 2.56) for major cardiovascular disease, 1.80 (1.16 to 2.79) for ischaemic stroke, and 1.94 (1.27 to 2.95) for myocardial infarction. When stratified by Framingham risk score, the association between migraine with aura and major cardiovascular disease was strongest in the lowest risk score group. There was a diametric association pattern for ischaemic stroke and myocardial infarction. Compared with women without migraine, the age adjusted hazard ratios in women who reported migraine with aura in the lowest Framingham risk score group were 3.88 (1.87 to 8.08) for ischaemic stroke and 1.29 (0.40 to 4.21) for myocardial infarction. Hazard ratios in women with migraine with aura in the highest Framingham risk score group were 1.00 (0.24 to 4.14) for ischaemic stroke and 3.34 (1.50 to 7.46) for myocardial infarction. Women with migraine without aura were not at increased risk of ischaemic stroke or myocardial infarction in any of the Framingham risk score groups. CONCLUSION:The association between migraine with aura and cardiovascular disease varies by vascular risk status. Information on history of migraine and vascular risk status might help to identify women at increased risk for specific future cardiovascular disease events. TRIAL REGISTRATION:Clinical trials NCT00000479.

Dataset Information

Teenage acne and cancer risk in US women: A prospective cohort study.

Publications

Teenage acne and cancer risk in US women: A prospective cohort study.

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