Dataset Information

Forced smoking abstinence: not enough for smoking cessation.

ABSTRACT:

Importance

Millions of Americans are forced to quit smoking as they enter tobacco-free prisons and jails, but most return to smoking within days of release. Interventions are needed to sustain tobacco abstinence after release from incarceration.

Objective

To evaluate the extent to which the WISE intervention (Working Inside for Smoking Elimination), based on motivational interviewing (MI) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), decreases relapse to smoking after release from a smoke-free prison.

Design

Participants were recruited approximately 8 weeks prior to their release from a smoke-free prison and randomized to 6 weekly sessions of either education videos (control) or the WISE intervention.

Setting

A tobacco-free prison in the United States.

Participants

A total of 262 inmates (35% female).

Main outcome measure

Continued smoking abstinence was defined as 7-day point-prevalence abstinence validated by urine cotinine measurement.

Results

At the 3-week follow-up, 25% of participants in the WISE intervention (31 of 122) and 7% of the control participants (9 of 125) continued to be tobacco abstinent (odds ratio [OR], 4.4; 95% CI, 2.0-9.7). In addition to the intervention, Hispanic ethnicity, a plan to remain abstinent, and being incarcerated for more than 6 months were all associated with increased likelihood of remaining abstinent. In the logistic regression analysis, participants randomized to the WISE intervention were 6.6 times more likely to remain tobacco abstinent at the 3-week follow up than those randomized to the control condition (95% CI, 2.5-17.0). Nonsmokers at the 3-week follow-up had an additional follow-up 3 months after release, and overall 12% of the participants in the WISE intervention (14 of 122) and 2% of the control participants (3 of 125) were tobacco free at 3 months, as confirmed by urine cotinine measurement (OR, 5.3; 95% CI, 1.4-23.8).

Conclusions and relevance

Forced tobacco abstinence alone during incarceration has little impact on postrelease smoking status. A behavioral intervention provided prior to release greatly improves cotinine-confirmed smoking cessation in the community.

Trial registration

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01122589.

SUBMITTER: Clarke JG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4438989 | biostudies-literature | 2013 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Forced smoking abstinence: not enough for smoking cessation.

Clarke Jennifer G JG Stein L A R LA Martin Rosemarie A RA Martin Stephen A SA Parker Donna D Lopes Cheryl E CE McGovern Arthur R AR Simon Rachel R Roberts Mary M Friedman Peter P Bock Beth B

JAMA internal medicine 20130501 9

<h4>Importance</h4>Millions of Americans are forced to quit smoking as they enter tobacco-free prisons and jails, but most return to smoking within days of release. Interventions are needed to sustain tobacco abstinence after release from incarceration.<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the extent to which the WISE intervention (Working Inside for Smoking Elimination), based on motivational interviewing (MI) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), decreases relapse to smoking after release from a smo ...[more]

PMID: 23567902

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Dataset Information

Forced smoking abstinence: not enough for smoking cessation.

Importance

Objective

Design

Setting

Participants

Main outcome measure

Results

Conclusions and relevance

Trial registration

Publications

Forced smoking abstinence: not enough for smoking cessation.

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