Endothelial epigenetics in biomechanical stress: disturbed flow-mediated epigenomic plasticity in vivo and in vitro.

ABSTRACT: Arterial endothelial phenotype is regulated by local hemodynamic forces that are linked to regional susceptibility to atherogenesis. A complex hierarchy of transcriptional, translational, and post-translational mechanisms is greatly influenced by the characteristics of local arterial shear stress environments. We discuss the emerging role of localized disturbed blood flow on epigenetic mechanisms of endothelial responses to biomechanical stress, including transcriptional regulation by proximal promoter DNA methylation, and post-transcriptional and translational regulation of gene and protein expression by chromatin remodeling and noncoding RNA-based mechanisms. Dynamic responses to flow characteristics in vivo and in vitro include site-specific differentially methylated regions of swine an

SUBMITTER: Jiang YZ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4441576 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature