Reversal of diabetes following transplantation of an insulin-secreting human liver cell line: Melligen cells.

ABSTRACT: As an alternative to the transplantation of islets, a human liver cell line has been genetically engineered to reverse type 1 diabetes (TID). The initial liver cell line (Huh7ins) commenced secretion of insulin in response to a glucose concentration of 2.5 mmol/l. After transfection of the Huh7ins cells with human islet glucokinase, the resultant Melligen cells secreted insulin in response to glucose within the physiological range; commencing at 4.25 mmol/l. Melligen cells exhibited increased glucokinase enzymatic activity in response to physiological glucose concentrations, as compared with Huh7ins cells. When transplanted into diabetic immunoincompetent mice, Melligen cells restored normoglycemia. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed that both cell lines expressed a range of ?-cell transcription factors and pancreatic hormones. Exposure of Melligen and Huh7ins cells to proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-?, IL-1?, and IFN-?) affected neither their viability nor their ability to secrete insulin to glucose. Gene expression (microarray and qRT-PCR) analyses indicated the survival of Melligen cells in the presence of known ?-cell cytotoxins was associated with the expression of NF-?B and antiapoptotic genes (such as BIRC3). This study describes the successful generation of an artificial ?-cell line, which, if encapsulated to avoid allograft rejection, may offer a clinically applicable cure for T1D.

SUBMITTER: Lawandi J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4445011 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature