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Lack of in vivo antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity with antibody containing gold nanoparticles.

ABSTRACT: Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) is a cytolytic mechanism that can elicit in vivo antitumor effects and can play a significant role in the efficacy of antibody treatments for cancer. Here, we prepared cetuximab, panitumumab, and rituximab containing gold nanoparticles and investigated their ability to produce an ADCC effect in vivo. Cetuximab treatment of EGFR-expressing H1975 tumor xenografts showed significant tumor regression due to the ADCC activity of the antibody in vivo, while the control antibody, panitumumab, did not. However, all three antibody containing nanoparticles are not able to suppress tumor growth in the same in vivo mouse model. The antibody containing nanoparticles localized in the tumors and did not suppress the immune function of the animals, so the lack of tumor growth suppression of the cetuximab containing nanoparticle suggests that immobilizing antibodies onto a nanoparticle significantly decreases the ability of the antibody to promote an ADCC response.

SUBMITTER: Ahmed M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4445771 | biostudies-literature | 2015 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Lack of in vivo antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity with antibody containing gold nanoparticles.

Ahmed Marya M Pan Dorothy W DW Davis Mark E ME

Bioconjugate chemistry 20150416 5

Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) is a cytolytic mechanism that can elicit in vivo antitumor effects and can play a significant role in the efficacy of antibody treatments for cancer. Here, we prepared cetuximab, panitumumab, and rituximab containing gold nanoparticles and investigated their ability to produce an ADCC effect in vivo. Cetuximab treatment of EGFR-expressing H1975 tumor xenografts showed significant tumor regression due to the ADCC activity of the antibody in vivo, wh ...[more]

PMID: 25879583

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Project description:Lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-1 does not diminish the established latent reservoir. A possible cure approach is to reactivate the quiescent genome from latency and utilize immune responses to eliminate cells harboring reactivated HIV-1. It is not known whether antibodies within HIV-1-infected individuals can recognize and eliminate cells reactivated from latency through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). We found that reactivation of HIV-1 expression in the latently infected ACH-2 cell line elicited antibody-mediated NK cell activation but did not result in antibody-mediated killing. The lack of CD4 expression on these HIV-1 envelope (Env)-expressing cells likely resulted in poor recognition of CD4-induced antibody epitopes on Env. To examine this further, cultured primary CD4(+) T cells from HIV-1(+) subjects were used as targets for ADCC. These ex vivo-expanded primary cells were modestly susceptible to ADCC mediated by autologous or heterologous HIV-1(+) serum antibodies. Importantly, ADCC mediated against these primary cells could be enhanced following incubation with a CD4-mimetic compound (JP-III-48) that exposes CD4-induced antibody epitopes on Env. Our studies suggest that with sufficient reactivation and expression of appropriate Env epitopes, primary HIV-1-infected cells can be targets for ADCC mediated by autologous serum antibodies and innate effector cells. The results of this study suggest that further investigation into the potential of ADCC to eliminate reactivated latently infected cells is warranted.An HIV-1 cure remains elusive due to the persistence of long-lived latently infected cells. An HIV-1 cure strategy, termed "shock and kill," aims to reactivate HIV-1 expression in latently infected cells and subsequently eliminate the reactivated cells through immune-mediated killing. While recent research efforts have focused on reversing HIV-1 latency, it remains unclear whether preexisting immune responses within HIV-1(+) individuals can efficiently eliminate the reactivated cells. HIV-1-specific antibodies can potentially eliminate cells reactivated from latency via Fc effector functions by recruiting innate immune cells. Our study highlights the potential role that antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity might play in antilatency cure approaches.

Dataset Information

Lack of in vivo antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity with antibody containing gold nanoparticles.

Publications

Lack of in vivo antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity with antibody containing gold nanoparticles.

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