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Education modulates the association of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism with body mass index and obesity risk in the Mediterranean population.

ABSTRACT: To define whether the rs9939609 FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is associated with anthropometric measurements and its modulation by educational level in a Mediterranean population.We studied 3 independent adult samples: a random sample (n = 1580) from the general population (GP), obese hospital patients (OHP) (n = 203) and elderly subjects (n = 1027) with high cardiovascular risk (HCR). Weight and height were directly measured. Education and physical activity (PA) were measured using questionnaires.The rs9939609 presented heterogeneous associations with BMI. In the GP, the minor A-allele was significantly associated with greater BMI, following a co-dominant pattern (P = 0.009), whereas in the OHP this association was recessive (P = 0.004). Conversely, we did not find a significant association with BMI in the HCR group (P < 0.596). In the GP we found a significant interaction between the FTO SNP and education (P = 0.048). In the stratified analysis, no association of the FTO SNP with greater BMI in university subjects was detected (P = 0.786), whereas the association was observed in non-university subjects (P = 0.001). The FTO × education interaction (P = 0.020) was also observed in determining obesity risk in the GP. A-allele carriers had a greater risk of being obese only if they had no university education (OR: 1.56; 95%CI: 1.09-2.23 for TA and OR: 2.01; 95%CI: 1.27-3.26 for AA subjects). The interaction of the FTO with education remained significant even after adjustment for PA.The association of the FTO SNP with greater BMI and obesity risk in the GP was strongly modulated by education.

SUBMITTER: Corella D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4446979 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Education modulates the association of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism with body mass index and obesity risk in the Mediterranean population.

Corella D D Carrasco P P Sorlí J V JV Coltell O O Ortega-Azorín C C Guillén M M González J I JI Sáiz C C Estruch R R Ordovas J M JM

Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD 20101224 8

<h4>Objective</h4>To define whether the rs9939609 FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is associated with anthropometric measurements and its modulation by educational level in a Mediterranean population.<h4>Methods</h4>We studied 3 independent adult samples: a random sample (n = 1580) from the general population (GP), obese hospital patients (OHP) (n = 203) and elderly subjects (n = 1027) with high cardiovascular risk (HCR). Weight and height were directly ...[more]

PMID: 21186106

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Project description:BackgroundFat-mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene is a gene located in chromosome region 16q12.2. Genetic variants in FTO are associated with the obesity phenotype in European and Hispanic populations. However, this association still remains controversial in Asian population. We aimed to test the association of FTO genetic variants with obesity and obesity-related metabolic traits among children living in Beijing, China.MethodsWe genotyped FTO variants rs9939609 in 670 children (332 girls and 338 boys) aged 8-11 years living in Beijing, and analyzed its association with obesity and obesity-related metabolic traits. Overweight and obesity were defined by age- and sex-specific BMI reference for Chinese children. Obesity-related metabolic traits included fasting plasma glucose, lipid profiles, leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin and blood pressures.ResultsThe frequency of rs9939609 A allele was 12.2%, which was 21.9% for the heterozygote and 1.2% for the homozygote of the A allele. The obesity prevalence among the carriers of AA/AT genotypes was significantly higher than that among those with TT genotype (36.4% vs. 22.6%, P=0.004). Compared to the carrier of TT genotype, the likelihood of obesity was 1.79 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.20-2.67, P=0.004) for the carrier of AA/AT genotype, after adjustment of sex, age and puberty stages. The BMI Z-score of children with AA/AT genotype were significantly higher than that of their counterparts with the TT genotype (1.1±0.1 vs. 0.8±0.1, P=0.02). The concentration of triglyceride was 1.03±0.52 mmol/L among TT carrier and 1.13±0.68 mmol/L among AA/AT carrier (P=0.045). While, the concentrations of adiponectin were 18.0±0.4 μg/ml among carriers of TT and 16.2±0.7 μg/ml among subjects with AA/AT genotype (P=0.03). The level of glucose marginally increased in the AA/AT genotype subjects (4.67±0.40 mmol/L vs. 4.60±0.35 mmol/L, P=0.08). The evidence of association was reduced after adjustment for BMI (P=0.38 for triglyceride, P=0.20 for adiponectin and glucose). There was weak evidence of association between rs9939609 and other obesity-related metabolic traits including total cholesterol (3.92±0.03 mmol/L vs. 4.02±0.05 mmol/L, P=0.10), insulin (2.69±1.77 ng/ml vs. 3.12±2.91 ng/ml, P=0.14), and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR 0.56±0.03 vs. 0.66±0.05, P=0.10).ConclusionsGenetic variation in the FTO gene associates with obesity in Chinese children.

Project description:Background and aimsObesity is a growing public health concern in Bangladesh, which is influenced by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. The genetic variant rs9939609 of the FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated) gene has been found to be associated with an increased risk for obesity, depending on the population studied. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to examine the relationship between the FTO gene polymorphism (rs9939609) and lifestyle-related risk factors, and their impact on obesity-related traits and biochemical parameters in the Bangladeshi population.MethodsA total of 280 participants were enrolled in this study, comprising of 140 individuals with overweight and obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 23.0) and 140 non-overweight healthy individuals (18.5 ≤ BMI ≥ 22.9). Demographic information, dietary behaviors, and physical activity-related data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Additionally, anthropometric assessments and measurements of biochemical parameters such as lipid profile and C-reactive protein were performed. The amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction technique was used to identify single-nucleotide polymorphism in the FTO gene. Descriptive statistics, χ,2 and one-way ANOVA were performed to evaluate the relationships between independent and dependent variables.ResultsThe presence of rs9939609 was strongly associated with the obesity risk factors of increased BMI, cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein. We also found a significant association (p < 0.05) of rs9939609 with overweight and obesity in codominant AA versus TT (odds ratio [OR] = 0.299, 95% CI: 0.129-0.695) and AA versus AT (OR = 2.273, 95% CI: 1.023-5.053), recessive TT versus AA+AT (OR = 5.154, 95% CI: 2.463-10.782), and overdominant AT versus AA+TT (OR = 0.244, 95% CI: 0.122-0.488) models.ConclusionFTO variant rs9939609 is significantly linked to obesity and an increased risk of hyperlipidemia in the Bangladeshi population. However, this association is intertwined with environmental factors such as diet and physical activity.

Dataset Information

Education modulates the association of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism with body mass index and obesity risk in the Mediterranean population.

Publications

Education modulates the association of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism with body mass index and obesity risk in the Mediterranean population.

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