Dataset Information

Effects of ambient coarse, fine, and ultrafine particles and their biological constituents on systemic biomarkers: a controlled human exposure study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Ambient coarse, fine, and ultrafine particles have been associated with mortality and morbidity. Few studies have compared how various particle size fractions affect systemic biomarkers.

Objectives

We examined changes of blood and urinary biomarkers following exposures to three particle sizes.

Methods

Fifty healthy nonsmoking volunteers, mean age of 28 years, were exposed to coarse (2.5-10 ?m; mean, 213 ?g/m3) and fine (0.15-2.5 ?m; mean, 238 ?g/m3) concentrated ambient particles (CAPs), and filtered ambient and/or medical air. Twenty-five participants were exposed to ultrafine CAP (< 0.3 ?m; mean, 136 ?g/m3) and filtered medical air. Exposures lasted 130 min, separated by ? 2 weeks. Blood/urine samples were collected preexposure and 1 hr and 21 hr postexposure to determine blood interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein (inflammation), endothelin-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; vascular mediators), and malondialdehyde (lipid peroxidation); as well as urinary VEGF, 8-hydroxy-deoxy-guanosine (DNA oxidation), and malondialdehyde. Mixed-model regressions assessed pre- and postexposure differences.

Results

One hour postexposure, for every 100-?g/m3 increase, coarse CAP was associated with increased blood VEGF (2.41 pg/mL; 95% CI: 0.41, 4.40) in models adjusted for O3, fine CAP with increased urinary malondialdehyde in single- (0.31 nmol/mg creatinine; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.60) and two-pollutant models, and ultrafine CAP with increased urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in single- (0.69 ng/mg creatinine; 95% CI: 0.09, 1.29) and two-pollutant models, lasting < 21 hr. Endotoxin was significantly associated with biomarker changes similar to those found with CAPs.

Conclusions

Ambient particles with various sizes/constituents may influence systemic biomarkers differently. Endotoxin in ambient particles may contribute to vascular mediator changes and oxidative stress.

SUBMITTER: Liu L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4455587 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Effects of ambient coarse, fine, and ultrafine particles and their biological constituents on systemic biomarkers: a controlled human exposure study.

Liu Ling L Urch Bruce B Poon Raymond R Szyszkowicz Mieczyslaw M Speck Mary M Gold Diane R DR Wheeler Amanda J AJ Scott James A JA Brook Jeffrey R JR Thorne Peter S PS Silverman Frances S FS

Environmental health perspectives 20150116 6

<h4>Background</h4>Ambient coarse, fine, and ultrafine particles have been associated with mortality and morbidity. Few studies have compared how various particle size fractions affect systemic biomarkers.<h4>Objectives</h4>We examined changes of blood and urinary biomarkers following exposures to three particle sizes.<h4>Methods</h4>Fifty healthy nonsmoking volunteers, mean age of 28 years, were exposed to coarse (2.5-10 μm; mean, 213 μg/m3) and fine (0.15-2.5 μm; mean, 238 μg/m3) concentrated ...[more]

PMID: 25616223

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Project description:Epidemiological studies have reported associations between air pollution and neuro-psychological conditions. Biological mechanisms behind these findings are still not clear.We examined changes in blood and urinary neural biomarkers following exposure to concentrated ambient coarse, fine and ultrafine particles.Fifty healthy non-smoking volunteers, mean age 28years, were exposed to coarse (2.5-10?m, mean 213?g/m3) and fine (0.15-2.5?m, mean 238?g/m3) concentrated ambient particles (CAPs), and filtered ambient and/or medical air. Twenty-five participants were exposed to ultrafine CAP (mean size 59.6nm, range 47.0-69.8nm), mean (136?g/m3) and filtered medical air. Exposures lasted 130min, separated by ?2weeks, and the biological constituents endotoxin and ?-1,3-d-glucan of each particle size fraction were measured. Blood and urine samples were collected pre-exposure, and 1-hour and 21-hour post-exposure to determine neural biomarker levels. Mixed-model regressions assessed associations between exposures and changes in biomarker levels.Results were expressed as percent change from daily pre-exposure biomarker levels. Exposure to coarse CAP was significantly associated with increased urinary levels of the stress-related biomarkers vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and cortisol when compared with exposure to filtered medical air [20% (95% confidence interval: 1.0%, 38%) and 64% (0.2%, 127%), respectively] 21hours post-exposure. However exposure to coarse CAP was significantly associated with decreases in blood cortisol [-26.0% (-42.4%, -9.6%) and -22.4% (-43.7%, -1.1%) at 1h and 21h post-exposure, respectively]. Biological molecules present in coarse CAP were significantly associated with blood biomarkers indicative of blood brain barrier integrity. Endotoxin content was significantly associated with increased blood ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 [UCHL1, 11% (5.3%, 16%) per ln(ng/m3+1)] 1-hour post-exposure, while ?-1,3-d-glucan was significantly associated with increased blood S100B [6.3% (3.2%, 9.4%) per ln(ng/m3+1)], as well as UCHL1 [3.1% (0.4%, 5.9%) per ln(ng/m3+1)], one-hour post-exposure. Fine CAP was marginally associated with increased blood UCHL1 when compared with exposure to filtered medical air [17.7% (-1.7%, 37.2%), p=0.07] 21hours post-exposure. Ultrafine CAP was not significantly associated with changes in any blood and urinary neural biomarkers examined.Ambient coarse particulate matter and its biological constituents may influence neural biomarker levels that reflect perturbations of blood-brain barrier integrity and systemic stress response.

Dataset Information

Effects of ambient coarse, fine, and ultrafine particles and their biological constituents on systemic biomarkers: a controlled human exposure study.

Background

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Effects of ambient coarse, fine, and ultrafine particles and their biological constituents on systemic biomarkers: a controlled human exposure study.

Similar Datasets

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