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Relationship Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cognitive Change in a Multiethnic Elderly Cohort.

ABSTRACT: To examine the association between diabetes mellitus and cognitive functioning at baseline and cognitive change over time in a large, ethnically diverse sample of older adults.Prospective cohort study.Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project, a community-based, prospective study of risk factors for dementia in northern Manhattan, New York City.Hispanic, non-Hispanic black, and non-Hispanic white men and women aged 65 and older without dementia at baseline (N = 1,493).Participants underwent baseline and follow-up cognitive and health assessments approximately every 18 months. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine the longitudinal association between diabetes mellitus and cognition.Diabetes mellitus was associated with poorer baseline cognitive performance in memory, language, processing speed and executive functioning, and visuospatial abilities. After adjusting for age, education, sex, race and ethnicity, and apolipoprotein-?4, participants with diabetes mellitus performed significantly worse at baseline than those without in language and visuospatial abilities. There were no differences between those with and without diabetes mellitus in terms of rate of cognitive change over a mean follow-up time of 6 years.The rate of cognitive change in elderly persons with and without diabetes mellitus is similar, although cognitive performance is poorer in persons with diabetes mellitus. These findings suggest that cognitive changes may occur early during the diabetes mellitus process and highlight the need for studies to follow participants beginning at least in midlife, before the typical later-life onset of dementia.

SUBMITTER: Bangen KJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4477832 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Relationship Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cognitive Change in a Multiethnic Elderly Cohort.

Bangen Katherine J KJ Gu Yian Y Gross Alden L AL Schneider Brooke C BC Skinner Jeannine C JC Benitez Andreana A Sachs Bonnie C BC Shih Regina R Sisco Shannon S Schupf Nicole N Mayeux Richard R Manly Jennifer J JJ Luchsinger José A JA

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 20150611 6

<h4>Objectives</h4>To examine the association between diabetes mellitus and cognitive functioning at baseline and cognitive change over time in a large, ethnically diverse sample of older adults.<h4>Design</h4>Prospective cohort study.<h4>Setting</h4>Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project, a community-based, prospective study of risk factors for dementia in northern Manhattan, New York City.<h4>Participants</h4>Hispanic, non-Hispanic black, and non-Hispanic white men and women aged 65 ...[more]

PMID: 26096383

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Project description:BackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) stands as the most prevalent endocrine abnormality affecting the physiological systems and organs and impairing the male reproductive functions. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), accounting for about 90-95% of DM, is closely associated with male infertility. However, the magnitude of the causal relationships between T2DM and male infertility remains unclear. The current investigation was to explore the causal relationship between T2DM and male infertility utilizing the Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis.MethodsA two-sample MR (2SMR) analysis was conducted to investigate the causal relationship between T2DM and male infertility in the European population from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data that was publicly accessible. GWAS for T2DM and male infertility were extracted from the IEU Open GWAS Project database, with the resulting data encompassing 680 cases and 72,799 controls as the outcome data. Five MR methods were employed for the 2SMR analyses, namely the MR-Egger, weighted median estimation (WME), weighted mode (WM), inverse-variance weighted (IVW), and simple mode. The primary analytical technique utilized in this study was the IVW method, and a multivariate MR analysis was executed to examine the potential mediating influences of T2DM on male infertility.ResultsFollowing were the odds ratios (ORs) and associated 95% CIs derived from IVW (fixed effects), MR-Egger, WM, WME, and simple mode approaches: 0.824 (95% CI 0.703-0.966), 0.726 (95% CI 0.527-1.001), 0.827 (95% CI 0.596-1.150), 0.841 (95% CI 0.654-1.082), and 0.875 (95% CI 0.544-1.405), respectively. The outcomes of the heterogeneity tests were P=0.378 and P=0.384, respectively, implying no heterogeneity. Egger-intercept outcomes were P=0.374, highlighting the absence of pleiotropy. The stability of the results was affirmed through the leave-one-out analysis. Notably, all F-values surpassed 10, indicating the absence of weak bias attributed to instrument variables(IVs).ConclusionsThis research furnishes evidence supporting a causal association between T2DM and male infertility. These insights offer a foundation for future investigations aiming to establish the association between genetically predicted T2DM and male infertility. These outcomes suggest the significance of active monitoring and proactive measures for preventing infertility in male individuals with T2DM. Furthermore, careful consideration is required for individuals of reproductive age to prevent and treat T2DM.

Dataset Information

Relationship Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cognitive Change in a Multiethnic Elderly Cohort.

Publications

Relationship Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cognitive Change in a Multiethnic Elderly Cohort.

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