Dataset Information

Swine Farming Is a Risk Factor for Infection With and High Prevalence of Carriage of Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Livestock-associated Staphylococcus aureus (LA-SA) has been documented worldwide. However, much remains unknown about LA-SA colonization and infection, especially in rural environments.

Methods

We conducted a large-scale prospective study of 1342 Iowans, including individuals with livestock contact and a community-based comparison group. Nasal and throat swabs were collected to determine colonization at enrollment, and skin infection swabs over 17 months were assessed for S. aureus. Outcomes included carriage of S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), tetracycline-resistant S. aureus (TRSA), multidrug-resistant S. aureus (MDRSA), and LA-SA.

Results

Of 1342 participants, 351 (26.2%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 23.8%-28.6%) carried S. aureus. MRSA was isolated from 34 (2.5%; 95% CI, 1.8%-3.5%) and LA-SA from 131 (9.8%; 95% CI, 8.3%-11.5%) of the 1342 participants. Individuals with current swine exposure were significantly more likely to carry S. aureus (prevalence ratio [PR], 1.8; 95% CI, 1.4-2.2), TRSA (PR, 8.4; 95% CI, 5.6-12.6), MDRSA (PR, 6.1; 95% CI, 3.8-10.0), and LA-SA (PR, 5.8; 95% CI, 3.9-8.4) than those lacking exposure. Skin infections (n = 103) were reported from 67 individuals, yielding an incidence rate of 6.6 (95% CI, 4.9-8.9) per 1000 person-months.

Conclusions

Current swine workers are 6 times more likely to carry MDRSA than those without current swine exposure. We observed active infections caused by LA-SA. This finding suggests that individuals with livestock contact may have a high prevalence of exposure to, and potentially infection with, antibiotic-resistant S. aureus strains, including LA-SA strains.

SUBMITTER: Wardyn SE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4481598 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Swine Farming Is a Risk Factor for Infection With and High Prevalence of Carriage of Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Wardyn Shylo E SE Forshey Brett M BM Farina Sarah A SA Kates Ashley E AE Nair Rajeshwari R Quick Megan K MK Wu James Y JY Hanson Blake M BM O'Malley Sean M SM Shows Hannah W HW Heywood Ellen M EM Beane-Freeman Laura E LE Lynch Charles F CF Carrel Margaret M Smith Tara C TC

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 20150429 1

<h4>Background</h4>Livestock-associated Staphylococcus aureus (LA-SA) has been documented worldwide. However, much remains unknown about LA-SA colonization and infection, especially in rural environments.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a large-scale prospective study of 1342 Iowans, including individuals with livestock contact and a community-based comparison group. Nasal and throat swabs were collected to determine colonization at enrollment, and skin infection swabs over 17 months were assessed f ...[more]

PMID: 25931444

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundColonization by livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA) has increasingly been reported in the swine population worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of MRSA nasal carriage in healthy pigs, including the black (Calabrese) breed, from farms in the Calabria Region (Southern Italy). Between January and March 2018, a total of 475 healthy pigs reared in 32 farms were sampled by nasal swabbing. MRSA isolates were characterized by spa, MLST and SCCmec typing, and susceptibility testing to 17 antimicrobials.Results22 of 32 (66.8%) pig farms resulted positive for MRSA. The prevalence of MRSA was 46.1% (219 MRSA culture-positive out of 475 samples). MRSA colonization was significantly higher in intensive farms and in pigs with a recent or ongoing antimicrobial treatment. All 219 MRSA isolates were assigned to ST398. The most common spa types were t011 (37.0%), t034 (22.4%) and t899 (15.1%). A novel spa type (t18290) was detected in one isolate. An insertion of IS256 in the ST398-specific A07 fragment of the SAPIG2195 gene was detected in 10 out of 81 t011 isolates. Nearly all isolates carried the SCCmec type V element, except 11 isolates that carried the SCCmec type IVc. None of the isolates was positive for the Panton-Valentine leukocidin. All isolates were resistant to tetracycline. High resistance rates were also found for clindamycin (93.1%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (68.4%), fluoroquinolones (47.9-65.3%) and erythromycin (46.1%). None of the isolates was resistant to vancomycin and fusidic acid. Overall, a multidrug resistant phenotype was observed in 88.6% of isolates.ConclusionsWe report a high prevalence of MRSA among healthy swine in Southern Italy farms, with higher isolation frequency associated with intensive farming. The epidemiological types identified in our study reflect those reported in other European countries. Our findings underscore the importance of monitoring the evolution of LA-MRSA in pig farms in order to implement control measures and reduce the risk of spread in the animal population.

Dataset Information

Swine Farming Is a Risk Factor for Infection With and High Prevalence of Carriage of Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Swine Farming Is a Risk Factor for Infection With and High Prevalence of Carriage of Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Similar Datasets

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