Dataset Information

Computational Network Model Prediction of Hemodynamic Alterations Due to Arteriolar Rarefaction and Estimation of Skeletal Muscle Perfusion in Peripheral Arterial Disease.

ABSTRACT: To estimate the relative influence of input pressure and arteriole rarefaction on gastrocnemius muscle perfusion in patients with PAD after exercise and/or percutaneous interventions.A computational network model of the gastrocnemius muscle microcirculation was adapted to reflect rarefaction based on arteriolar density measurements from PAD patients, with and without exercise. A normalized input pressure was applied at the feeder artery to simulate both reduced and restored ABI in the PAD condition.In simulations of arteriolar rarefaction, resistance increased non-linearly with rarefaction, leading to a disproportionally large drop in perfusion. In addition, perfusion was less sensitive to changes in input pressure as the degree of rarefaction increased. Reduced arteriolar density was observed in PAD patients and improved 33.8% after three months of exercise. In model simulations of PAD, ABI restoration yielded perfusion recovery to only 66% of baseline. When exercise training was simulated by reducing rarefaction, ABI restoration increased perfusion to 80% of baseline.Microvascular resistance increases non-linearly with increasing arteriole rarefaction. Therefore, muscle perfusion becomes disproportionally less sensitive to ABI restoration as arteriole rarefaction increases. These results highlight the importance of restoring both microvascular structure and upstream input pressure in PAD therapy.

SUBMITTER: Heuslein JL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4506703 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Computational Network Model Prediction of Hemodynamic Alterations Due to Arteriolar Rarefaction and Estimation of Skeletal Muscle Perfusion in Peripheral Arterial Disease.

Heuslein Joshua L JL Li Xuanyue X Murrell Kelsey P KP Annex Brian H BH Peirce Shayn M SM Price Richard J RJ

Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994) 20150701 5

<h4>Objective</h4>To estimate the relative influence of input pressure and arteriole rarefaction on gastrocnemius muscle perfusion in patients with PAD after exercise and/or percutaneous interventions.<h4>Methods</h4>A computational network model of the gastrocnemius muscle microcirculation was adapted to reflect rarefaction based on arteriolar density measurements from PAD patients, with and without exercise. A normalized input pressure was applied at the feeder artery to simulate both reduced ...[more]

PMID: 25866235

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Project description:ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was the assessment of volumetric CT perfusion (CTP) of the lower leg musculature in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) before and after interventional revascularisation.MethodsTwenty-nine consecutive patients with symptomatic PAD of the lower extremities requiring interventional revascularisation were assessed prospectively. All patients underwent a CTP scan of the lower leg, and hemodynamic and angiographic assessment, before and after intervention. Ankle-brachial pressure index (ABI) was determined. CTP parameters were calculated with a perfusion software, acting on a no outflow assumption. A sequential two-compartment model was used. Differences in CTP parameters were assessed with non-parametric tests.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 24 subjects with an occlusion, and five with a high-grade stenosis. The mean blood flow before/after (BFpre and BFpost, respectively) was 7.42 ± 2.66 and 10.95 ± 6.64 ml/100 ml*min-1. The mean blood volume before/after (BVpre and BVpost, respectively) was 0.71 ± 0.35 and 1.25 ± 1.07 ml/100 ml. BFpost and BVpost were significantly higher than BFpre and BVpre in the treated limb (p = 0.003 and 0.02, respectively), but not in the untreated limb (p = 0.641 and 0.719, respectively).ConclusionsCTP seems feasible for assessing hemodynamic differences in calf muscles before and after revascularisation in patients with symptomatic PAD. We could show that CTP parameters BF and BV are significantly increased after revascularisation of the symptomatic limb. In the future, this quantitative method might serve as a non-invasive method for surveillance and therapy control of patients with peripheral arterial disease.Key points• CTP imaging of the lower limb in patients with symptomatic PAD seems feasible for assessing hemodynamic differences before and after revascularisation in PAD patients. • This quantitative method might serve as a non-invasive method, for surveillance and therapy control of patients with PAD.

Project description:BackgroundQuantitative transport mapping (QTM) of blood velocity, based on the transport equation has been demonstrated higher accuracy and sensitivity of perfusion quantification than the traditional Kety's method-based cerebral blood flow (CBF). This study aimed to investigate the associations between QTM velocity and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease (AD) using multiple post-labeling delay arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI.MethodsA total of 128 subjects (21 normal controls (NC), 80 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 27 AD) were recruited prospectively. All participants underwent MRI examination and neuropsychological evaluation. QTM velocity and traditional CBF maps were computed from multiple delay ASL. Regional quantitative perfusion measurements were performed and compared to study group differences. We tested the hypothesis that cognition declines with reduced cerebral blood perfusion with consideration of age and gender effects.ResultsIn cortical gray matter (GM) and the hippocampus, QTM velocity and CBF showed decreased values in the AD group compared to NC and MCI groups; QTM velocity, but not CBF, showed a significant difference between MCI and NC groups. QTM velocity and CBF showed values decreasing with age; QTM velocity, but not CBF, showed a significant gender difference between male and female. QTM velocity and CBF in the hippocampus were positively correlated with cognition, including global cognition, memory, executive function, and language function.ConclusionThis study demonstrated an increased sensitivity of QTM velocity as compared with the traditional Kety's method-based CBF. Specifically, we observed only in QTM velocity, reduced perfusion velocity in GM and the hippocampus in MCI compared with NC. Both QTM velocity and CBF demonstrated a reduction in AD vs. controls. Decreased QTM velocity and CBF in the hippocampus were correlated with poor cognitive measures. These findings suggest QTM velocity as potential biomarker for early AD blood perfusion alterations and it could provide an avenue for early intervention of AD.

Dataset Information

Computational Network Model Prediction of Hemodynamic Alterations Due to Arteriolar Rarefaction and Estimation of Skeletal Muscle Perfusion in Peripheral Arterial Disease.

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Computational Network Model Prediction of Hemodynamic Alterations Due to Arteriolar Rarefaction and Estimation of Skeletal Muscle Perfusion in Peripheral Arterial Disease.

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