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Efficient removal of crystal violet using Fe3O4-coated biochar: the role of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles and modeling study their adsorption behavior.

ABSTRACT: Biochar shows great promise for use in adsorbing pollutants. However, a process for enhancing its adsorption capacity and re-collection efficiency is yet to be further developed. Hence, in this study, we developed a type of biochar coated with magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (i.e., magnetic biochar (MBC)) and assessed its use for crystal violet (CV) adsorption as well as its recycling potential. The coating of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, which was not only on the surface, but also in the interior of biochar, performed two functions. Firstly, it produced a saturation magnetization of 61.48?emu/g, which enabled the biochar being efficiently re-collected using a magnet. Secondly, it significantly enhanced the adsorption capacity of the biochar (from 80.36 to 99.19?mg/g). The adsorption capacity of the MBC was determined to be the largest by so far (349.40?mg/g) for an initial CV concentration of 400?mg/L, pH of 6.0, and temperature of 40?°C, and the adsorption capacity of re-collected MBC was 73.31?mg/g. The adsorption of CV by the MBC was found to be a spontaneous and endothermic physical process in which the intraparticle diffusion was the limiting step. These findings inspire us to use other similar materials to tackle the menace of pollutions.

SUBMITTER: Sun P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4518237 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Efficient removal of crystal violet using Fe3O4-coated biochar: the role of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles and modeling study their adsorption behavior.

Sun Pengfei P Hui Cai C Azim Khan Rashid R Du Jingting J Zhang Qichun Q Zhao Yu-Hua YH

Scientific reports 20150729

Biochar shows great promise for use in adsorbing pollutants. However, a process for enhancing its adsorption capacity and re-collection efficiency is yet to be further developed. Hence, in this study, we developed a type of biochar coated with magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (i.e., magnetic biochar (MBC)) and assessed its use for crystal violet (CV) adsorption as well as its recycling potential. The coating of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, which was not only on the surface, but also in the interior of bioch ...[more]

PMID: 26220603

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Project description:Biochar (BC) and magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (MNP) have both received considerable recent attention in part due to their potential use in water treatment. While both are effective independently in the removal of a range of anionic metals from aqueous solution, the efficacy of these materials is reduced considerably at neutral pH due to decreased metal adsorption and MNP aggregation. In addition to synthetic metal oxide-biochar composites for use in treatment and remediation technologies, aggregates may also occur in nature when pyrolytic carbon is deposited in soils. In this study, we tested whether magnetite synthesized in the presence of biochar leads to increased removal efficiency of hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), at the mildly acidic to neutral pH values characteristic of most natural and contaminated aqueous environments. To do so, magnetite nanoparticles and biochar produced from ground willow were synthesized to form composites (MNP-BC). Batch studies showed that MNP-BC markedly enhanced both adsorption and reduction of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution at acidic to neutral pH as compared to MNP and BC separately, suggesting a strong synergetic effect of hybridizing Fe3O4 with BC. Mechanistically, the Cr(VI) removal processes occurred through both adsorption and intraparticle diffusion followed by reduction to Cr(III). Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy analyses confirmed that Cr(VI) was reduced at the surface of MNP-BC, with electrons derived directly from both biochar and magnetite at low pH, while at near-neutral pH, biochar increased Cr(VI) reduction by inhibiting MNP aggregation. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure fitting results confirmed that the Cr(III) precipitates consist of Cr(OH)3 and chromite (Cr2FeO4) nanoparticles. Our results demonstrate that MNP-BC composites have great potential as a material for the treatment of chromate-containing aqueous solutions across a wide range of pH values, and provide information valuable broadly relevant to soils and sediments that contain biochar.

Dataset Information

Efficient removal of crystal violet using Fe3O4-coated biochar: the role of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles and modeling study their adsorption behavior.

Publications

Efficient removal of crystal violet using Fe3O4-coated biochar: the role of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles and modeling study their adsorption behavior.

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