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HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Bind to PPAR? to Upregulate Neurotrophin Expression in the Brain and Improve Memory in Mice.


ABSTRACT: Neurotrophins are important for neuronal health and function. Here, statins, inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol lowering drugs, were found to stimulate expression of neurotrophins in brain cells independent of the mevalonate pathway. Time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) analyses, computer-derived simulation, site-directed mutagenesis, thermal shift assay, and de novo binding followed by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) demonstrates that statins serve as ligands of PPAR? and that Leu331 and Tyr 334 residues of PPAR? are important for statin binding. Upon binding, statins upregulate neurotrophins via PPAR?-mediated transcriptional activation of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB). Accordingly, simvastatin increases CREB and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus of Ppara null mice receiving full-length lentiviral PPAR?, but not L331M/Y334D statin-binding domain-mutated lentiviral PPAR?. This study identifies statins as ligands of PPAR?, describes neurotrophic function of statins via the PPAR?-CREB pathway, and analyzes the importance of PPAR? in the therapeutic success of simvastatin in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease.

SUBMITTER: Roy A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4526399 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Bind to PPARα to Upregulate Neurotrophin Expression in the Brain and Improve Memory in Mice.

Roy Avik A   Jana Malabendu M   Kundu Madhuchhanda M   Corbett Grant T GT   Rangaswamy Suresh B SB   Mishra Rama K RK   Luan Chi-Hao CH   Gonzalez Frank J FJ   Pahan Kalipada K  

Cell metabolism 20150625 2


Neurotrophins are important for neuronal health and function. Here, statins, inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol lowering drugs, were found to stimulate expression of neurotrophins in brain cells independent of the mevalonate pathway. Time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) analyses, computer-derived simulation, site-directed mutagenesis, thermal shift assay, and de novo binding followed by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) demonstrates tha  ...[more]

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