Dataset Information

Viral Co-infection and Leprosy Outcomes: A Cohort Study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The role of the host immunity in determining leprosy clinical forms and complications is well recognized, implying that changes in the immune status may interfere with several aspects of the disease. Therefore, we hypothesized that the presence of viral co-infections and associated immunological changes will have a clinical impact on leprosy outcomes. The aim of our study was to determine the clinical impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T cell lymphotrophic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection on the development of reactions, neuritis, neuropathy and relapses.

Methodology/principal findings

Cohort study in 245 leprosy subjects from Bahia, Brazil. Patients were followed from the time of diagnosis until at least the end of multidrug therapy. Viral co-infection was detected in 36 out of the 245 patients (14.7%). Specific co-infection rates were 10.6% for HBV, 2.9% for HIV, 2.5% for HTLV-1 and 0.8% for HCV. All four groups of co-infected patients had higher rates of neuritis and nerve function impairment compared to non co-infected leprosy subjects. The relapse rate was also higher in the co-infected group (8.3%) versus patients without co-infection (1.9%); relative risk 4.37, 95% confidence interval 1.02-18.74.

Conclusions/significance

Leprosy patients should be screened for HBV, HCV, HIV and HTLV-1 co-infections. Besides contributing to better health care, this measure will facilitate the early detection of severe complications through targeting of higher risk patients.

SUBMITTER: Machado PR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4534371 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Viral Co-infection and Leprosy Outcomes: A Cohort Study.

Machado Paulo R L PR Machado Lídia M LM Shibuya Mayume M Rego Jamile J Johnson Warren D WD Glesby Marshall J MJ

PLoS neglected tropical diseases 20150812 8

<h4>Background</h4>The role of the host immunity in determining leprosy clinical forms and complications is well recognized, implying that changes in the immune status may interfere with several aspects of the disease. Therefore, we hypothesized that the presence of viral co-infections and associated immunological changes will have a clinical impact on leprosy outcomes. The aim of our study was to determine the clinical impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T cell lymphotrophic vir ...[more]

PMID: 26267882

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Dataset Information

Viral Co-infection and Leprosy Outcomes: A Cohort Study.

Background

Methodology/principal findings

Conclusions/significance

Publications

Viral Co-infection and Leprosy Outcomes: A Cohort Study.

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