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A Short Peptide That Mimics the Binding Domain of TGF-?1 Presents Potent Anti-Inflammatory Activity.

ABSTRACT: The transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-?1) is a pleiotropic cytokine with multiple roles in development, wound healing, and immune regulation. TGF-?1-mediated immune dysfunction may lead to pathological conditions, such as inflammation. Chronic inflammatory process is characterized by a continuous release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the inhibition or the blockage of these cytokines signaling pathways are considered a target treatment. In this context, despite the high numbers of TGF-?-targeted pathways, the inducible regulatory T cells (iTreg) to control inflammation seems to be a promising approach. Our aim was to develop novel peptides through phage display (PhD) technology that could mimic TGF-?1 function with higher potency. Specific mimetic peptides were obtained through a PhD subtraction strategy from whole cell binding using TGF-?1 recombinant as a competitor during elution step. We have selected a peptide that seems to play an important role on cellular differentiation and modulation of TNF-? and IL-10 cytokines. The synthetic pm26TGF-?1 peptide tested in PBMC significantly down-modulated TNF-? and up-regulated IL-10 responses, leading to regulatory T cells (Treg) phenotype differentiation. Furthermore, the synthetic peptide was able to decrease leukocytes rolling in BALB/C mice and neutrophils migration during inflammatory process in C57BL/6 mice. These data suggest that this peptide may be useful for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, especially because it displays potent anti-inflammatory properties and do not exhibit neutrophils' chemoattraction.

SUBMITTER: Vaz ER

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4552549 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Short Peptide That Mimics the Binding Domain of TGF-β1 Presents Potent Anti-Inflammatory Activity.

Vaz Emília R ER Fujimura Patrícia T PT Araujo Galber R GR da Silva Carlos A T CA Silva Rangel L RL Cunha Thiago M TM Lopes-Ferreira Mônica M Lima Carla C Ferreira Márcio J MJ Cunha-Junior Jair P JP Taketomi Ernesto A EA Goulart Luiz R LR Ueira-Vieira Carlos C

PloS one 20150827 8

The transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) is a pleiotropic cytokine with multiple roles in development, wound healing, and immune regulation. TGF-β1-mediated immune dysfunction may lead to pathological conditions, such as inflammation. Chronic inflammatory process is characterized by a continuous release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the inhibition or the blockage of these cytokines signaling pathways are considered a target treatment. In this context, despite the high numbers of TGF-β ...[more]

PMID: 26312490

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Project description:BackgroundA diverse group of physiologically active peptides/proteins are present in the salivary glands of horsefly Tabanus yao (Diptera, Tabanidae) that facilitate acquisition of blood meal. However, their roles in the regulation of local inflammation remains poorly understood.MethodsInduction expression profiles of immune-related molecules in the salivary glands of T. yao was analyzed by quantitative PCR (qPCR) after bacterial feeding. A significantly up-regulated molecule (cecropin-TY1) was selected for anti-inflammatory assay in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages. The transcription levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines were quantified by qPCR. Nitric oxide (NO) production was determined by Griess reagent. Pro-inflammatory cytokine production was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The inflammatory signals were assayed by Western blotting analysis. The secondary structure of cecropin-TY1 was measured by Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Interaction of cecropin-TY1 with LPS was evaluated by the dissociation of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated LPS aggregates and neutralization of LPS determined by a quantitative Chromogenic End-point Tachypleus amebocyte lysate (TAL) assay kit. Homology modeled structure analysis and mutation of key residues/structures were performed to understand its structure-activity relationship.ResultsCecropin-TY1 was demonstrated to possess high anti-inflammatory activity and low cytotoxicity toward mouse macrophages. In LPS-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophage, addition of cecropin-TY1 significantly inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further study revealed that cecropin-TY1 inhibited inflammatory cytokine production by blocking activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and transcriptional nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signals. Cecropin-TY1 even interacted with LPS and neutralized LPS. The secondary structure analysis revealed that cecropin-TY1 adopted unordered structures in hydrophobic environment but converted to α-helical confirmation in membrane mimetic environments. Homology modeled structure analysis demonstrated that cecropin-TY1 adopted two α-helices (Leu3-Thr24, Ile27-Leu38) linked by a hinge (Leu25-Pro26) and the structure surface was partly positively charged. Structure-activity relationship analysis indicated that several key residues/structures are crucial for its anti-inflammatory activity including α-helices, aromatic residue Trp2, positively charged residues Lys and Arg, hinge residue Pro26 and N-terminal amidation.ConclusionsWe found a novel anti-inflammatory function of horsefly-derived cecropin-TY1 peptide, laying groundwork for better understanding the ectoparasite-host interaction of horsefly with host and highlighting its potency in anti-inflammatory therapy for sepsis and endotoxin shock caused by Gram-negative bacterial infections.

Dataset Information

A Short Peptide That Mimics the Binding Domain of TGF-?1 Presents Potent Anti-Inflammatory Activity.

Publications

A Short Peptide That Mimics the Binding Domain of TGF-β1 Presents Potent Anti-Inflammatory Activity.

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