Dataset Information

VPS35 Deficiency or Mutation Causes Dopaminergic Neuronal Loss by Impairing Mitochondrial Fusion and Function.

ABSTRACT: Vacuolar protein sorting-35 (VPS35) is a retromer component for endosomal trafficking. Mutations of VPS35 have been linked to familial Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we show that specific deletion of the VPS35 gene in dopamine (DA) neurons resulted in PD-like deficits, including loss of DA neurons and accumulation of ?-synuclein. Intriguingly, mitochondria became fragmented and dysfunctional in VPS35-deficient DA neurons, phenotypes that could be restored by expressing VPS35 wild-type, but not PD-linked mutant. Concomitantly, VPS35 deficiency or mutation increased mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin ligase 1 (MUL1) and, thus, led to mitofusin 2 (MFN2) degradation and mitochondrial fragmentation. Suppression of MUL1 expression ameliorated MFN2 reduction and DA neuron loss but not ?-synuclein accumulation. These results provide a cellular mechanism for VPS35 dysfunction in mitochondrial impairment and PD pathogenesis.

SUBMITTER: Tang FL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4565770 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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VPS35 Deficiency or Mutation Causes Dopaminergic Neuronal Loss by Impairing Mitochondrial Fusion and Function.

Tang Fu-Lei FL Liu Wei W Hu Jin-Xia JX Erion Joanna Ruth JR Ye Jian J Mei Lin L Xiong Wen-Cheng WC

Cell reports 20150828 10

Vacuolar protein sorting-35 (VPS35) is a retromer component for endosomal trafficking. Mutations of VPS35 have been linked to familial Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we show that specific deletion of the VPS35 gene in dopamine (DA) neurons resulted in PD-like deficits, including loss of DA neurons and accumulation of α-synuclein. Intriguingly, mitochondria became fragmented and dysfunctional in VPS35-deficient DA neurons, phenotypes that could be restored by expressing VPS35 wild-type, but not ...[more]

PMID: 26321632

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Project description:BackgroundNeurodegenerative diseases encompass an extensive and heterogeneous group of nervous system disorders which are characterized by progressive degeneration and death of neurons. Many lines of evidence suggest the participation of mitochondria dysfunction in these diseases. Mitochondrial phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, encoded by FARS2, catalyzes the transfer of phenylalanine to its cognate tRNA for protein synthesis. As a member of mt-aaRSs genes, FARS2 missense homozygous mutation c.424G > T (p.D142Y) found in a Chinese consanguineous family first built the relationship between pure hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) and FARS2 gene. More FARS2 variations were subsequently found to cause heterogeneous group of neurologic disorders presenting three main phenotypic manifestations: infantile-onset epileptic mitochondrial encephalopathy, later-onset spastic paraplegia and juvenile onset refractory epilepsy. Studies showed that aminoacylation activity is frequently disrupt in cases with FARS2 mutations, indicating a loss-of-function mechanism. However, the underlying pathogenesis of neuropathy-associated Fars2 deficiency is still largely unknown.ResultsEarly gestation lethality of global Fars2 knockout mice was observed prior to neurogenesis. The conditional Fars2 knockout-mouse model delayed lethality to late-gestation, resulting in a thinner cortex and an enlarged ventricle which is consist with the MRI results revealing cortical atrophy and reduced cerebral white matter volume in FARS2-deficient patients. Delayed development of neurite outgrowth followed by neuronal apoptosis was confirmed in Fars2-knockdown mouse primary cultured neurons. Zebrafish, in which fars2 was knocked down, exhibited aberrant motor neuron function including reduced locomotor capacity which well restored the spastic paraplegia phenotype of FARS2-deficient patients. Altered mitochondrial protein synthesis and reduced levels of oxidative phosphorylation complexes were detected in Fars2-deficient samples. And thus, reduced ATP, total NAD levels and mitochondrial membrane potential, together with increased ROS production, revealed mitochondrial dysfunction both in vitro and in vivo. Dctn3 is a potential downstream molecule in responds to Fars2 deficient in neurons, which may provide some evidence for the development of pathogenesis study and therapeutic schedule.ConclusionsThe Fars2 deficiency genetic models developed in this study cover the typical clinical manifestations in FARS2 patients, and help clarify how neuropathy-associated Fars2 deficiency, by damaging the mitochondrial respiratory chain and impairing mitochondrial function, affects neuronal development and potentiates neuronal cell apoptosis.

Dataset Information

VPS35 Deficiency or Mutation Causes Dopaminergic Neuronal Loss by Impairing Mitochondrial Fusion and Function.

Publications

VPS35 Deficiency or Mutation Causes Dopaminergic Neuronal Loss by Impairing Mitochondrial Fusion and Function.

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