Stepwise bioprocess for exopolysaccharide production using potato starch as carbon source.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Bhatia SK
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4569638 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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| S-EPMC11343742 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Microbial production of bioplastics, derived from poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), have provided a promising alternative towards plastic pollution. Compared to other extremophiles, halophilic archaea are considered as cell factories for PHB production by using renewable, inexpensive carbon sources, thus decreasing the fermentation cost. This study is aimed at screening 33 halophilic archaea isolated from three enrichment cultures from Tunisian hypersaline lake, Chott El Jerid, using starch as the sole carbon source by Nile Red/Sudan Black staining and further confirmed by PCR amplification of phaC and phaE polymerase genes. 14 isolates have been recognized as positive candidates for PHA production and detected during both seasons. The identification of these strains through 16S rRNA gene analyses showed their affiliation to Halorubrum, Natrinema, and Haloarcula genera. Among them, three PHB-producing strains, CEJ34-14, CEJ5-14, and CEJ48-10, related to Halorubrum chaoviator, Natrinema pallidum, and Haloarcula tradensis were found to be the best ones reaching values of 9.25, 7.11, and 1.42% of cell dry weight (CDW), respectively. Our findings highlighted that Halorubrum, Natrinema, and Haloarcula genera were promising candidates for PHB production using soluble starch as a carbon source under high salinity (250 g L-1 NaCl).
| S-EPMC7860971 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Lactococcus lactis produced more exopolysaccharide (EPS) on glucose than on fructose as the sugar substrate, although the transcription level of the eps gene cluster was independent of the sugar source. A major difference between cells grown on the two substrates was the capacity to produce sugar nucleotides, the EPS precursors. However, the activities of the enzymes required for the synthesis of nucleotide sugars were not changed upon growth on different sugars. The activity of fructosebisphosphatase (FBPase) was by far the lowest of the enzymes involved in precursor formation under all conditions. FBPase catalyzes the conversion of fructose-1, 6-diphosphate into fructose-6-phosphate, which is an essential step in the biosynthesis of sugar nucleotides from fructose but not from glucose. By overexpression of the fbp gene, which resulted in increased EPS synthesis on fructose, it was proven that the low activity of FBPase is indeed limiting not only for EPS production but also for growth on fructose as a sugar source.
| S-EPMC91673 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Microalgae biomass is considered an important feedstock for biofuels and other bioactive compounds due to its faster growth rate, high biomass production and high biomolecules accumulation over first and second-generation feedstock. This research aimed to maximize the specific growth rate of fresh water green microalgae Closteriopsis acicularis, a member of family Chlorellaceae under the effect of pH and phosphate concentration to attain enhanced biomass productivity. This study investigates the individual and cumulative effect of phosphate concentration and pH on specific growth characteristics of Closteriopsis acicularis in autotrophic mode of cultivation for bioethanol production. Central-Composite Design (CCD) strategy and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used for the optimization of microalga growth and ethanol production under laboratory conditions. The results showed that high specific growth rate and biomass productivity of 0.342 day-1 and 0.497 g L-1 day-1 respectively, were achieved at high concentration of phosphate (0.115 g L-1) and pH (9) at 21st day of cultivation. The elemental composition of optimized biomass has shown enhanced elemental accumulation of certain macro (C, O, P) and micronutrients (Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca and Fe) except for nitrogen and sulfur. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis has revealed spectral peaks and high absorbance in spectral range of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins, in optimized biomass. The carbohydrates content of optimized biomass was observed as 58%, with 29.3 g L-1 of fermentable sugars after acid catalyzed saccharification. The bioethanol yield was estimated as 51 % g ethanol/g glucose with maximum of 14.9 g/L of bioethanol production. In conclusion, it can be inferred that high specific growth rate and biomass productivity can be achieved by varying levels of phosphate concentration and pH during cultivation of Closteriopsis acicularis for improved yield of microbial growth, biomass and bioethanol production.
| S-EPMC8626319 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Starch is a promising candidate for preparing biodegradable films with useful gas barriers and thermoplastic capabilities. However, these materials are hydrophilic and brittle, thus limiting their application range. To overcome these drawbacks, it has been hypothesized that starch can be hydrophobized and plasticized during the starch-based film production using a single-step approach and following transesterification principles. In this work, KOH powder and spent frying oil (SFO) were used as an alkaline catalyst and a source for triacylglycerides, respectively, to promote the modification of starch. Different ratios of SFO (w/w related to the dried starch weight) were tested. When compared to the neat films (without a catalyst and SFO), the incorporation of at least 15% SFO/KOH gave rise to transparent, hydrophobic (water contact angles of ca. 90∘), stretchable (ca. 20×), elastic (ca. 5×), and water tolerant starch-based films, contrary to the films produced without the catalyst. ATR-FTIR and 1H NMR revealed structural differences among the produced films, suggesting that starch was modified with the SFO-derived fatty acids. Therefore, adding KOH during the potato starch/spent frying oil-based film's production was determined to be a promising in situ strategy to develop starch-based materials with improved hydrophobicity and flexibility, while valorizing the potato chip industry's byproducts.
| S-EPMC8700295 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Wastewater from the sweet potato starch industry is a large source of nutrient-rich substrates. We assessed whether this wastewater could be used to produce Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for foliar application to tea trees. Using the central composite design methods we experientially determined that the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa were pH, 6.5; temperature, 29.0 °C; and incubation time, 16 h. Under these conditions, a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL was achieved. We then conducted a yearlong field investigation to determine the effect of P. polymyxa biofertilizer on the growth of tea plants (Camellia sinensis). Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels were significantly higher after foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively. This approach appears to be technically feasible for organic tea production, and is an environmentally friendly way to utilize wastewater.
| S-EPMC3937799 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Exopolysaccharide (EPS) biopolymers produced by microorganisms play a crucial role in the environment such as health and bio-nanotechnology sectors, gelling agents in food and cosmetic industries in addition to bio-flocculants in the environmental sector as they are degradable, nontoxic. This study focuses on the improvement of EPS production through manipulation of different culture and environmental conditions using response surface methodology (RSM). Plackett-Burman design indicated that; molasses, yeast extract and incubation temperature are the most effective parameters. Box-Behnken RSM indicated that; the optimum concentration for each parameter was 12% (w/v) for molasses, 6g/L yeast extract and 30°C for incubation temperature. The most potent bacterial isolate was identified as Bacillus velezensis KY498625. After production, EPS was extracted, purified using DEAE-cellulose, identified using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The result indicated that; it has molecular weight 1.14×105D consisting of glucose, mannose and galactose.
| S-EPMC6066745 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Novel carbon nanofiller-based starch-g-polyacrylamide hybrid flocculation materials (St-PAM-CS) were in situ prepared using potato starch (St), acrylamide (AM), and hollow mesoporous carbon spheres (CSs; diameters of 300-400 nm). Structures of different St-PAM-CS systems were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), laser scanning microscopy (LSM), and particle size analysis. The flocculation tests were evaluated by removing high turbidity kaolin suspension-initial absorbance 1.84. The effect of the St to AM molar ratio, doses, and content of CSs in hybrids on flocculation efficiency were examined. Satisfactory flocculation efficiency was obtained for all hybrids with 1 wt.% of the CS component. The highest reduction of the kaolin suspension absorbance (to 0.06) was observed for a 3 mL dose of the starch hybrid with the highest AM content. Additionally, St-PAM-CS showed a reduction in the sludge volume in time. The hybrids reached better flocculation efficiency in relation to the reference systems without CSs. The proposed flocculation mechanism (considering bridging, patching, and formation of hydrogen bonds) has been confirmed by the recorded results.
| S-EPMC8003131 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Starch, a very compact form of glucose units, is the most abundant form of storage polyglucan in nature. The starch synthesis pathway is among the central biochemical pathways, however, our understanding of this important pathway regarding genetic elements controlling this pathway, is still insufficient. Starch biosynthesis requires the action of several enzymes. Soluble starch synthases (SSs) are a group of key players in starch biosynthesis which have proven their impact on different aspects of the starch biosynthesis and functionalities. These enzymes have been studied in different plant species and organs in detail, however, there seem to be key differences among species regarding their contributions to the starch synthesis. In this review, we consider an update on various SSs with an emphasis on potato SSs as a model for storage organs. The genetics and regulatory mechanisms of potato starch synthases will be highlighted. Different aspects of various isoforms of SSs are also discussed.
| S-EPMC5637242 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCassava starch is considered as a potential source for the commercial production of bioethanol because of its availability and low market price. It can be used as a basic source to support large-scale biological production of bioethanol using microbial amylases. With the progression and advancement in enzymology, starch liquefying and saccharifying enzymes are preferred for the conversion of complex starch polymer into various valuable metabolites. These hydrolytic enzymes can selectively cleave the internal linkages of starch molecule to produce free glucose which can be utilized to produce bioethanol by microbial fermentation.ResultsIn the present study, several filamentous fungi were screened for production of amylases and among them Aspergillus fumigatus KIBGE-IB33 was selected based on maximum enzyme yield. Maximum α-amylase, amyloglucosidase and glucose formation was achieved after 03 days of fermentation using cassava starch. After salt precipitation, fold purification of α-amylase and amyloglucosidase increased up to 4.1 and 4.2 times with specific activity of 9.2 kUmg⁻¹ and 393 kUmg⁻¹, respectively. Concentrated amylolytic enzyme mixture was incorporated in cassava starch slurry to give maximum glucose formation (40.0 gL⁻¹), which was further fermented using Saccharomyces cerevisiae into bioethanol with 84.0% yield. The distillate originated after recovery of bioethanol gave 53.0% yield.ConclusionAn improved and effective dual enzymatic starch degradation method is designed for the production of bioethanol using cassava starch. The technique developed is more profitable due to its fast liquefaction and saccharification approach that was employed for the formation of glucose and ultimately resulted in higher yields of alcohol production.
| S-EPMC4048251 | biostudies-literature