Dataset Information

Auto-Induction Effect of Chloroxoquinoline on the Cytochrome P450 Enzymes of Rats Associated with CYP 3A and 1A.

ABSTRACT: To investigate the auto-induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) by Chloroxoquinoline (CXL), a novel anticancer drug. Three experiments related to the induction of CYP450 were performed: a) In vitro use of the rat fresh hepatocytes model; b) In vivo 'cocktail' of CYP450 probe model; c) Pharmacokinetic (PK) study of the single and multiple doses. Some typical CYP enzyme probes and inducers were used in these experiments and were all determined by HPLC-MS/MS. The expression levels of CYP3A and CYP1A mRNA were analyzed by the real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique. The PK studies showed that the area under the curve (AUC0-t) and the peak concentration (Cmax) of the multiple doses were approximately 2.4-fold and 1.9-fold lower than those of the single dose, respectively (p < 0.05). Subsequent studies were conducted to study the possible induction of CXL on CYP 450. The in vivo 'cocktail' administration of CYP450 probe model indicated that 5 d pretreatment with CXL resulted in a mean 4.6 times increase in the metabolites/probe plasma ratios for CYP 3A and a 336% increase for CYP 1A than those of the negative control (p < 0.05). The induction effect of CXL on CYP450 was further evaluated on rat hepatocytes with four concentrations (1, 10, 50 and 100 ?mol/L). Compared with the negative control, the mRNA levels of CYP 1A2 increased significantly in rat hepatocytes after treatment with 10, 50 and 100 ?mol/L CXL (p < 0.05). While significant inductions of CYP 3A1 were observed in the entire treated groups. The results of the present study demonstrate enhanced and induced expression of CYP 3A and CYP 1A in response to CXL exposure in rats, suggesting that CXL is an auto-inducer of CYP 3A and CYP 1A.

SUBMITTER: Li X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4580629 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Auto-Induction Effect of Chloroxoquinoline on the Cytochrome P450 Enzymes of Rats Associated with CYP 3A and 1A.

Li Xin X Li Ying Y Gong Wei W Yang Mei Yan MY Yang Yang Y Li Zhi Ping ZP Wang Yu Li YL Zhang Zhen Qing ZQ

PloS one 20150923 9

To investigate the auto-induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) by Chloroxoquinoline (CXL), a novel anticancer drug. Three experiments related to the induction of CYP450 were performed: a) In vitro use of the rat fresh hepatocytes model; b) In vivo 'cocktail' of CYP450 probe model; c) Pharmacokinetic (PK) study of the single and multiple doses. Some typical CYP enzyme probes and inducers were used in these experiments and were all determined by HPLC-MS/MS. The expression levels of CYP3A and CYP1A ...[more]

PMID: 26397835

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Project description:Sunitinib is an orally administered tyrosine kinase inhibitor associated with idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity; however, the mechanisms of this toxicity remain unclear. We have previously shown that cytochromes P450 1A2 and 3A4 catalyze sunitinib metabolic activation via oxidative defluorination leading to a chemically reactive, potentially toxic quinoneimine, trapped as a glutathione (GSH) conjugate (M5). The goals of this study were to determine the impact of interindividual variability in P450 1A and 3A activity on sunitinib bioactivation to the reactive quinoneimine and sunitinib N-dealkylation to the primary active metabolite N-desethylsunitinib (M1). Experiments were conducted in vitro using single-donor human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes. Relative sunitinib metabolite levels were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In human liver microsomes, the P450 3A inhibitor ketoconazole significantly reduced M1 formation compared to the control. The P450 1A2 inhibitor furafylline significantly reduced defluorosunitinib (M3) and M5 formation compared to the control but had minimal effect on M1. In CYP3A5-genotyped human liver microsomes from 12 individual donors, M1 formation was highly correlated with P450 3A activity measured by midazolam 1'-hydroxylation, and M3 and M5 formation was correlated with P450 1A2 activity estimated by phenacetin O-deethylation. M3 and M5 formation was also associated with P450 3A5-selective activity. In sandwich-cultured human hepatocytes, the P450 3A inducer rifampicin significantly increased M1 levels. P450 1A induction by omeprazole markedly increased M3 formation and the generation of a quinoneimine-cysteine conjugate (M6) identified as a downstream metabolite of M5. The nonselective P450 inhibitor 1-aminobenzotriazole reduced each of these metabolites (M1, M3, and M6). Collectively, these findings indicate that P450 3A activity is a key determinant of sunitinib N-dealkylation to the active metabolite M1, and P450 1A (and potentially 3A5) activity influences sunitinib bioactivation to the reactive quinoneimine metabolite. Accordingly, modulation of P450 activity due to genetic and/or nongenetic factors may impact the risk of sunitinib-associated toxicities.

Dataset Information

Auto-Induction Effect of Chloroxoquinoline on the Cytochrome P450 Enzymes of Rats Associated with CYP 3A and 1A.

Publications

Auto-Induction Effect of Chloroxoquinoline on the Cytochrome P450 Enzymes of Rats Associated with CYP 3A and 1A.

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