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Major, non-chromosomal, birth defects and maternal physical activity: a systematic review.

ABSTRACT: We reviewed the published literature to assess the association between maternal periconceptional physical activity and the risk for major, non-chromosomal, birth defects and whether this varies by pre-pregnancy obesity.We conducted a systematic literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases. Data were abstracted from all articles that met our inclusion criteria and included information on physical activity intensity (mild, moderate, and vigorous) and modality (i.e., standing, lifting, other). We assessed occupational and recreational physical activity separately. The quality of included articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.Of 3316 screened articles, 11 were included in this review. Of the four studies that assessed prolonged standing, two reported a positive association with risk for some birth defects; null associations were observed in the other two studies. Associations between heavy lifting or other occupational physical activity exposures and risk for birth defects were inconsistent. A protective association between leisure-time physical activity (i.e., active sports, swimming) and some birth defects (e.g., neural tube defects), was suggested by the results of two studies. Only one study reported assessment of possible effect modification by maternal body mass index (BMI).Our review suggests that there may be some associations between occupational and leisure-time physical activities and some, major non-chromosomal, birth defects, but relatively limited published research exists on these associations. Further research in this area should include differentiation of birth defects phenotypes, valid assessments of all domains of physical activity, including household and transportation activity, and account for the potential influence of pre-pregnancy BMI.

SUBMITTER: Flak AL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4587389 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Major, non-chromosomal, birth defects and maternal physical activity: a systematic review.

Flak Audrey L AL Yun Tark Ji J Tinker Sarah C SC Correa Adolfo A Cogswell Mary E ME

Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology 20120525 7

<h4>Background</h4>We reviewed the published literature to assess the association between maternal periconceptional physical activity and the risk for major, non-chromosomal, birth defects and whether this varies by pre-pregnancy obesity.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a systematic literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases. Data were abstracted from all articles that met our inclusion criteria and included information on physical activity intensity (mild, moderate, and vigorous) an ...[more]

PMID: 22628185

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Project description:Physical activity is effective in preventing chronic diseases, increasing quality of life and promoting general health in older adults, but most older adults are not sufficiently active to gain those benefits. A novel and economically viable way to promote physical activity in older adults is through non-face-to-face interventions. These are conducted with reduced or no in-person interaction between intervention provider and program participants. The aim of this review was to summarize the scientific literature on non-face-to-face physical activity interventions targeting healthy, community dwelling older adults (? 50 years). A systematic search in six databases was conducted by combining multiple key words of the three main search categories "physical activity", "media" and "older adults". The search was restricted to English language articles published between 1st January 2000 and 31st May 2013. Reference lists of relevant articles were screened for additional publications. Seventeen articles describing sixteen non-face-to-face physical activity interventions were included in the review. All studies were conducted in developed countries, and eleven were randomized controlled trials. Sample size ranged from 31 to 2503 participants, and 13 studies included 60% or more women. Interventions were most frequently delivered via print materials and phone (n=11), compared to internet (n=3) and other media (n=2). Every intervention was theoretically framed with the Social Cognitive Theory (n=10) and the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (n=6) applied mostly. Individual tailoring was reported in 15 studies. Physical activity levels were self-assessed in all studies. Fourteen studies reported significant increase in physical activity. Eight out of nine studies conducted post-intervention follow-up analysis found that physical activity was maintained over a longer time. In the six studies where intervention dose was assessed the results varied considerably. One study reported that 98% of the sample read the respective intervention newsletters, whereas another study found that only 4% of its participants visited the intervention website more than once. From this review, non-face-to-face physical activity interventions effectively promote physical activity in older adults. Future research should target diverse older adult populations in multiple regions while also exploring the potential of emerging technologies.

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Major, non-chromosomal, birth defects and maternal physical activity: a systematic review.

Publications

Major, non-chromosomal, birth defects and maternal physical activity: a systematic review.

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