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Absence of somatic mutations of the mTOR gene in differentiated thyroid cancer.

ABSTRACT: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy with increasing incidence. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an important downstream mediator of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K/Akt) signaling and regulates cell growth, apoptosis and metabolism. The mTOR gene is frequently mutated in human cancers. Although PI3K/Akt pathway and its component genes were extensively studied in thyroid cancer, it is not known whether mTOR gene is somatically mutated and play a role in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). To determine the status of mTOR mutations in 53 DTC, we extensively examined 19 selected exons of mTOR gene which were reported to be frequently mutated in other human cancers. Unlike in other human cancers, we did not find common somatic mutations in the mTOR gene in differentiated thyroid cancer, except for some synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms. Our results suggest that mTOR mutation is very rare and may not play a significant role in DTC.

SUBMITTER: Murugan AK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4588405 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Absence of somatic mutations of the mTOR gene in differentiated thyroid cancer.

Murugan Avaniyapuram Kannan AK Humudh Eman A EA Qasem Ebtesam E Al-Hindi Hindi H Almohanna Mai M Hassan Zeinab Korany ZK Alzahrani Ali S AS

Meta gene 20150927

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy with increasing incidence. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an important downstream mediator of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K/Akt) signaling and regulates cell growth, apoptosis and metabolism. The mTOR gene is frequently mutated in human cancers. Although PI3K/Akt pathway and its component genes were extensively studied in thyroid cancer, it is not known whether mTOR gene is somatically mutated and play a role in differentiated ...[more]

PMID: 26504747

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Project description:BackgroundThyroid nodules are a common clinical problem, and differentiated thyroid cancer is becoming increasingly prevalent. Since the American Thyroid Association's (ATA's) guidelines for the management of these disorders were revised in 2009, significant scientific advances have occurred in the field. The aim of these guidelines is to inform clinicians, patients, researchers, and health policy makers on published evidence relating to the diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer.MethodsThe specific clinical questions addressed in these guidelines were based on prior versions of the guidelines, stakeholder input, and input of task force members. Task force panel members were educated on knowledge synthesis methods, including electronic database searching, review and selection of relevant citations, and critical appraisal of selected studies. Published English language articles on adults were eligible for inclusion. The American College of Physicians Guideline Grading System was used for critical appraisal of evidence and grading strength of recommendations for therapeutic interventions. We developed a similarly formatted system to appraise the quality of such studies and resultant recommendations. The guideline panel had complete editorial independence from the ATA. Competing interests of guideline task force members were regularly updated, managed, and communicated to the ATA and task force members.ResultsThe revised guidelines for the management of thyroid nodules include recommendations regarding initial evaluation, clinical and ultrasound criteria for fine-needle aspiration biopsy, interpretation of fine-needle aspiration biopsy results, use of molecular markers, and management of benign thyroid nodules. Recommendations regarding the initial management of thyroid cancer include those relating to screening for thyroid cancer, staging and risk assessment, surgical management, radioiodine remnant ablation and therapy, and thyrotropin suppression therapy using levothyroxine. Recommendations related to long-term management of differentiated thyroid cancer include those related to surveillance for recurrent disease using imaging and serum thyroglobulin, thyroid hormone therapy, management of recurrent and metastatic disease, consideration for clinical trials and targeted therapy, as well as directions for future research.ConclusionsWe have developed evidence-based recommendations to inform clinical decision-making in the management of thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. They represent, in our opinion, contemporary optimal care for patients with these disorders.

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Absence of somatic mutations of the mTOR gene in differentiated thyroid cancer.

Publications

Absence of somatic mutations of the mTOR gene in differentiated thyroid cancer.

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