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Demonstration of self-truncated ionization injection for GeV electron beams.

ABSTRACT: Ionization-induced injection mechanism was introduced in 2010 to reduce the laser intensity threshold for controllable electron trapping in laser wakefield accelerators (LWFA). However, usually it generates electron beams with continuous energy spectra. Subsequently, a dual-stage target separating the injection and acceleration processes was regarded as essential to achieve narrow energy-spread electron beams by ionization injection. Recently, we numerically proposed a self-truncation scenario of the ionization injection process based upon overshooting of the laser-focusing in plasma which can reduce the electron injection length down to a few hundred micrometers, leading to accelerated beams with extremely low energy-spread in a single-stage. Here, using 100 TW-class laser pulses we report experimental observations of this injection scenario in centimeter-long plasma leading to the generation of narrow energy-spread GeV electron beams, demonstrating its robustness and scalability. Compared with the self-injection and dual-stage schemes, the self-truncated ionization injection generates higher-quality electron beams at lower intensities and densities, and is therefore promising for practical applications.

SUBMITTER: Mirzaie M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4589762 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Demonstration of self-truncated ionization injection for GeV electron beams.

Mirzaie M M Li S S Zeng M M Hafz N A M NA Chen M M Li G Y GY Zhu Q J QJ Liao H H Sokollik T T Liu F F Ma Y Y YY Chen L M LM Sheng Z M ZM Zhang J J

Scientific reports 20151001

Ionization-induced injection mechanism was introduced in 2010 to reduce the laser intensity threshold for controllable electron trapping in laser wakefield accelerators (LWFA). However, usually it generates electron beams with continuous energy spectra. Subsequently, a dual-stage target separating the injection and acceleration processes was regarded as essential to achieve narrow energy-spread electron beams by ionization injection. Recently, we numerically proposed a self-truncation scenario o ...[more]

PMID: 26423136

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Project description:PurposeThe electron energy characteristics of mobile intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) accelerator LIAC® differ from commonly used linear accelerators, thus some of the frequently used detectors can give less accurate results. The aim of this study is to evaluate the output factors (OFs) of several ionization chambers (IC) and solid state detectors (SS) for electron beam energies generated by LIAC® and compare with the output factor of Monte Carlo model (MC) in order to determine the adequate detectors for LIAC® .MethodsThe OFs were measured for 6, 8, 10, and 12 MeV electron energies with PTW 23343 Markus, PTW 34045 Advanced Markus, PTW 34001 Roos, IBA PPC05, IBA PPC40, IBA NACP-02, PTW 31010 Semiflex, PTW 31021 Semiflex 3D, PTW 31014 Pinpoint, PTW 60017 Diode E, PTW 60018 Diode SRS, SNC Diode EDGE, and PTW 60019 micro Diamond detectors. Ion recombination factors (ksat ) of IC were measured for all applicator sizes and OFs were corrected according to ksat . The measured OFs were compared with Monte Carlo output factors (OFMC ).ResultsThe measured OFs of IBA PPC05, PTW Advanced Markus, PTW Pinpoint, PTW microDiamond, and PTW Diode E detectors are in good agreement with OFMC . The maximum deviations of IBA PPC05 OFs to OFMC are -1.6%, +1.5%, +1.5%, and +2.0%; for PTW Advanced Markus +1.0%, +1.5%, +2.0%, and +2.0%; for PTW Pinpoint +2.0%, +1.6%, +4.0%, and +2.0%; for PTW microDiamond -1.6%, +2%, +1.1%, and +1.0%; and for PTW Diode E -+1.7%, +1.7%, +1.3%, and +2.5% for 6, 8, 10, and 12 MeV, respectively. PTW Roos, PTW Markus, IBA PPC40, PTW Semiflex, PTW Semiflex 3D, SNC Diode Edge measured OFs with a maximum deviation of +5.6%, +4.5%, +5.6%, +8.1%, +4.8%, and +9.6% with respect to OFMC , while PTW Diode SRS and IBA NACP-02 were the least accurate (with highest deviations -37.1% and -18.0%, respectively).ConclusionThe OFs results of solid state detectors PTW microDiamond and PTW Diode E as well as the ICs with small electrode spacing distance such as IBA PPC05, PTW Advanced Markus and PTW Pinpoint are in excellent agreement with OFMC . The measurements of the other detectors evaluated in this study are less accurate, thus they should be used with caution. Particularly, PTW Diode SRS and IBA NACP-02 are not suitable and their use should be avoided in relative dosimetry measurements under high dose per pulsed (DPP) electron beams.

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Demonstration of self-truncated ionization injection for GeV electron beams.

Publications

Demonstration of self-truncated ionization injection for GeV electron beams.

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