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Taxonomy of reproductive Nereididae (Annelida) in multispecies swarms at Ambon Island, Indonesia.

ABSTRACT: Multispecies, or mass, spawning of different invertebrate species is well known for coral reef systems; however, incidences involving polychaetes are poorly documented. In this study we report on mass swarming, prior to spawning, of Nereididae at Ambon Island, Maluku, on three occasions: in 1866, inferred from an historical sample deposited in Naturalis, Leiden, and in March, 2009 and 2014, based on newly collected samples. The 2009 and 2014 events co-occurred with spawning of other polychaetes, known locally as wawo and including the widespread Indo-Pacific eunicid, Palola viridis (Gray in Stair). Ten species of reproductive Nereididae are described, including Composetia marmorata (Horst) new combination, formerly Ceratonereis marmorata; epitokous modifications are described for both sexes of each species including taxonomically important features such as body colour and number of pre-natatory chaetigers. Three distinct types of natatory region morphologies are recognized, which appear to characterise groups of genera. The ten new records brings to 13 the total number of nereidid species known to undergo mass swarming at Ambon Island; a key to the 13 species is provided. Species composition varies slightly between the three time periods: four species were common between all three periods, five species were in common between 1866 and 2014, and four species were in common between 1995 and 2009/14. Two species of Neanthes and one of Nereis are identified as potentially new and will be described in subsequent papers.

SUBMITTER: Pamungkas J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4591719 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Taxonomy of reproductive Nereididae (Annelida) in multispecies swarms at Ambon Island, Indonesia.

Pamungkas Joko J Glasby Christopher J CJ

ZooKeys 20150908 520

Multispecies, or mass, spawning of different invertebrate species is well known for coral reef systems; however, incidences involving polychaetes are poorly documented. In this study we report on mass swarming, prior to spawning, of Nereididae at Ambon Island, Maluku, on three occasions: in 1866, inferred from an historical sample deposited in Naturalis, Leiden, and in March, 2009 and 2014, based on newly collected samples. The 2009 and 2014 events co-occurred with spawning of other polychaetes, ...[more]

PMID: 26448711

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Project description:Jun Aoyama, Sam Wouthuyzen, Michael J. Miller, Hagi Y. Sugeha, Mari Kuroki, Shun Watanabe, Augy Syahailatua, Fadly Y. Tantu, Seishi Hagihara, Triyanto, Tsuguo Otake, and Katsumi Tsukamoto (2018) Sulawesi Island of north-central Indonesia is located in a region where at least 6 species of tropical anguillid eels are present, but the reproductive ecology and biodiversity of these eels in each area of the Indonesian archipelago remains poorly understood. Some information about these species was obtained from collections of their leptocephalus larvae made during several times of the year and from year-round collections of their recruitment-stage glass eels at a few locations. A sampling survey of anguillid leptocephali was conducted in March 2010 in both the Celebes Sea and Tomini Bay of Sulawesi Island to learn about the biodiversity and reproductive ecology of the eels in the region. Twenty-eight anguillid leptocephali were collected at 13 different stations, with genetic identification indicating that 3 species of eels had spawned in the two areas. Larvae were more abundant in the Celebes Sea (N = 21; 16.0-52.1 mm TL) than in Tomini Bay (N = 7; 9.6-54.8 mm). The abundant 16-21 mm size-class of Anguilla bornensis in the Celebes Sea indicated that species had recently spawned there, and spawning had also occurred in Tomini Bay by A. celebesensis (17.4 mm). These data and previous life history information suggest that A. celebesensis may have two spawning seasons in the Celebes Sea, but only one main spawning season in Tomini Bay. Anguilla borneensis may spawn at several times of the year in the Celebes Sea. Anguilla marmorata and A. biocolor pacifica spawn outside the Indonesian Seas, with A. marmorata recruiting in large numbers in the Sulawesi Island region during much of the year. Other spawning locations of A. celebesensis and A. interioris likely exist in Indonesian waters. Therefore, further research is needed to understand the reproductive ecologies and biodiversity of the tropical anguillid eels in each region of Indonesia in relation to geographic and climatic factors.

Project description:BackgroundThe structure and development of the nervous system in Lophotrochozoa has long been recognized as one of the most important subjects for phylogenetic and evolutionary discussion. Many recent papers have presented comprehensive data on the structure and development of catecholaminergic, serotonergic and FMRFamidergic parts of the nervous system. However, relatively few papers contain detailed descriptions of the nervous system in Annelida, one of the largest taxa of Lophotrochozoa. The polychaete species Platynereis dumerilii has recently become one of the ?more popular model animals in evolutionary and developmental biology. The goal of the present study was to provide a detailed description of its neuronal development. The data obtained will contribute to a better understanding of the basic features of neuronal development in polychaetes.ResultsWe have studied the development of the nervous system in P. dumerilii utilizing histo- and immunochemical labelling of catecholamines, serotonin, FMRFamide related peptides, and acetylated tubulin. The first neuron differentiates at the posterior extremity of the protrochophore, reacts to the antibodies against both serotonin and FMRFamide. Then its fibres run forwards along the ventral side. Soon, more neurons appear at the apical extreme, and their basal neurites form the basel structure of the developing brain (cerebral neuropil and circumesophageal connectives). Initial development of the nervous system starts in two rudiments: anterior and posterior. At the nectochaete stage, segmental ganglia start to differentiate in the anterior-to-posterior direction, and the first structures of the stomatogastric and peripheral nervous system appear. All connectives including the unpaired ventral cord develop from initially paired nerves.ConclusionsWe present a detailed description of Platynereis dumerilii neuronal development based on anti-acetylated tubulin, serotonin, and FMRFamide-like immunostaining as well as catecholamine histofluorescence. The development of the nervous system starts from peripheral pioneer neurons at both the posterior and anterior poles of the larva, and their neurites form a scaffold upon which the adult central nervous system develops. The anterior-to-posterior mode of the ventral ganglia development challenges the primary heteronomy concept. Comparison with the development of Mollusca reveals substantial similarities with early neuronal development in larval Solenogastres.

Dataset Information

Taxonomy of reproductive Nereididae (Annelida) in multispecies swarms at Ambon Island, Indonesia.

Publications

Taxonomy of reproductive Nereididae (Annelida) in multispecies swarms at Ambon Island, Indonesia.

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