Dataset Information

Frequency-Specific Neural Signatures of Spontaneous Low-Frequency Resting State Fluctuations in Psychosis: Evidence From Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) Consortium.

ABSTRACT:

Background

We quantified frequency-specific, absolute, and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF/fALFF) across the schizophrenia (SZ)-psychotic bipolar disorder (PBP) psychosis spectrum using resting functional magnetic resonance imaging data from the large BSNIP family study.

Methods

We assessed 242 healthy controls (HC), 547 probands (180 PBP, 220 SZ, and 147 schizoaffective disorder-SAD), and 410 of their first-degree relatives (134 PBPR, 150SZR, and 126 SADR). Following standard preprocessing in statistical parametric mapping (SPM8), we computed absolute and fractional power (ALFF/fALFF) in 2 low-frequency bands: slow-5 (0.01-0.027 Hz) and slow-4 (0.027-0.073 Hz). We evaluated voxelwise post hoc differences across traditional Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition diagnostic categories.

Results

Across ALFF/fALFF, in contrast to HC, BP/SAD showed hypoactivation in frontal/anterior brain regions in the slow-5 band and hypoactivation in posterior brain regions in the slow-4 band. SZ showed consistent hypoactivation in precuneus/cuneus and posterior cingulate across both bands and indices. Increased ALFF/fALFF was noted predominantly in deep subcortical and temporal structures across probands in both bands and indices. Across probands, spatial ALFF/fALFF differences in SAD resembled PBP more than SZ. None of these ALFF/fALFF differences were detected in relatives.

Conclusions

Results suggest ALFF/fALFF is a putative biomarker rather than a familial endophenotype. Overall sensitivity to discriminate proband brain alteration was stronger for fALFF than ALFF. Patterns of differences noted in SAD were more similar to those observed in PBP. Differential effects were noted across the 2 frequency bands, more prominently for BP/SAD compared with SZ, suggesting frequency-sensitive physiologic mechanisms for the former.

SUBMITTER: Meda SA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4601713 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Frequency-Specific Neural Signatures of Spontaneous Low-Frequency Resting State Fluctuations in Psychosis: Evidence From Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) Consortium.

Meda Shashwath A SA Wang Zheng Z Ivleva Elena I EI Poudyal Gaurav G Keshavan Matcheri S MS Tamminga Carol A CA Sweeney John A JA Clementz Brett A BA Schretlen David J DJ Calhoun Vincent D VD Lui Su S Damaraju Eswar E Pearlson Godfrey D GD

Schizophrenia bulletin 20150526 6

<h4>Background</h4>We quantified frequency-specific, absolute, and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF/fALFF) across the schizophrenia (SZ)-psychotic bipolar disorder (PBP) psychosis spectrum using resting functional magnetic resonance imaging data from the large BSNIP family study.<h4>Methods</h4>We assessed 242 healthy controls (HC), 547 probands (180 PBP, 220 SZ, and 147 schizoaffective disorder-SAD), and 410 of their first-degree relatives (134 PBPR, 150SZR, and 126 SADR ...[more]

PMID: 26012519

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Project description:The corpus callosum has been implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. However, it is unclear whether corpus callosum alterations are related to the underlying familial diathesis for psychotic disorders. We examined the corpus callosum and its subregion volumes and their relationship to cognition, psychotic symptoms, and age in probands with schizophrenia (SZ), psychotic bipolar disorder (PBD), and schizoaffective disorder; their first-degree relatives; and healthy control subjects.We present findings from morphometric and neurocognitive analyses of 1381 subjects (SZ probands, n = 224; PBD probands, n = 190; schizoaffective disorder probands, n = 142; unaffected relatives, n = 483 [SZ relatives, n = 195; PBD relatives, n = 175; schizoaffective disorder relatives, n = 113]; control subjects, n = 342). Magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient-echo T1 scans across five sites were obtained using 3-tesla magnets. Image processing was done using FreeSurfer Version 5.1. Neurocognitive function was measured using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia scale.Anterior and posterior splenial volumes were significantly reduced across the groups. The SZ and PBD probands showed robust and significant reductions, whereas relatives showed significant reductions of intermediate severity. The splenial volumes were positively but differentially correlated with aspects of cognition in the probands and their relatives. Proband groups showed a significant age-related decrease in the volume of the anterior splenium compared with control subjects. Among the psychosis groups, the anterior splenium in probands with PBD showed a stronger correlation with psychotic symptoms, as shown by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. All five subregions showed significantly high familiality.The splenial volumes were significantly reduced across the psychosis dimension. However, this volume reduction impacts cognition and clinical manifestation of the illnesses differentially.

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Project description:BackgroundThe current definitions of psychotic illness lack biological validity, motivating alternative biomarker-driven disease entities. Building on experimental constructs-Biotypes-that were previously developed from cognitive and neurophysiologic measures, we contrast brain anatomy characteristics across Biotypes alongside conventional diagnoses, examining gray matter density (GMD) as an independent validator for the Biotypes.MethodsWhole brain GMD measures were examined in probands, their relatives, and healthy subjects organized by Biotype and then by DSM-IV-TR diagnosis (n = 1409) using voxel-based morphometry with subsequent subject-level regional characterization and distribution analyses.ResultsProbands grouped by Biotype versus healthy controls showed a stepwise pattern of GMD reductions as follows: Biotype1, extensive and diffusely distributed GMD loss, with the largest effects in frontal, anterior/middle cingulate cortex, and temporal regions; Biotype2, intermediate and more localized reductions, with the largest effects in insula and frontotemporal regions; and Biotype3, small reductions localized to anterior limbic regions. Relatives showed regionally distinct GMD reductions versus healthy controls, with primarily anterior (frontotemporal) effects in Biotype1; posterior (temporo-parieto-cerebellar) in Biotype2; and normal GMD in Biotype3. Schizophrenia and schizoaffective probands versus healthy controls showed overlapping GMD reductions, with the largest effects in frontotemporal and parietal regions; psychotic bipolar probands had small reductions, primarily in frontal regions. GMD changes in relatives followed regional patterns observed in probands, albeit less extensive. Biotypes showed stronger between-group separation based on GMD than the conventional diagnoses and were the strongest predictor of GMD change.ConclusionsGMD biomarkers depicted unique brain structure characteristics within Biotypes, consistent with their cognitive and sensorimotor profiles, and provided stronger discrimination for biologically driven biotypes than symptom-based diagnoses.

Dataset Information

Frequency-Specific Neural Signatures of Spontaneous Low-Frequency Resting State Fluctuations in Psychosis: Evidence From Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) Consortium.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Frequency-Specific Neural Signatures of Spontaneous Low-Frequency Resting State Fluctuations in Psychosis: Evidence From Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) Consortium.

Similar Datasets

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