Dataset Information

Nuggets: findings shared in multiple clinical case reports.

ABSTRACT: The researchers assessed prevalence in the clinical case report literature of multiple reports independently reporting the same (or nearly the same) main finding.Results from forty-five PubMed queries were examined for incidence and features of main findings ("nuggets") shared in at least four case reports.The authors found that nuggets are surprisingly prevalent and large in the case report literature, the largest found so far was reported in seventeen articles. In most cases, the main findings of case reports were evident from examining titles alone.Our curated examples should serve as gold standards for developing specific automated methods for finding nuggets. Nuggets potentially enable finding-based (instead of topic-based) information retrieval.

SUBMITTER: Smalheiser NR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4613375 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Nuggets: findings shared in multiple clinical case reports.

Smalheiser Neil R NR Shao Weixiang W Yu Philip S PS

Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA 20151001 4

<h4>Objective</h4>The researchers assessed prevalence in the clinical case report literature of multiple reports independently reporting the same (or nearly the same) main finding.<h4>Methods</h4>Results from forty-five PubMed queries were examined for incidence and features of main findings ("nuggets") shared in at least four case reports.<h4>Results</h4>The authors found that nuggets are surprisingly prevalent and large in the case report literature, the largest found so far was reported in se ...[more]

PMID: 26512214

Similar Datasets

Project description:IntroductionMultiple wasp stings is an emergency result from systemic reactions to the toxin with a wide range of manifestations, and we presented 2 patients with distinct clinical and transcriptomic findings.Patient concernsTwo patients without systemic disease presented with nearly 90 painful papules after attacked by a swarm of wasps (Vespa basalis).DiagnosisPatient 1 was a 44-year-old healthy male whose clinical manifestations mainly comprised hemolysis, hepatic injury, rhabdomyolysis, and acute kidney injury. Patient 2 was a 49-year-old healthy female who presented with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in addition to certain clinical manifestations that were also found in patient 1. We used ribo- nucleic acid sequencing (RNA-Seq) to characterize the inflammatory responses of 2 patients with distinct clinical manifestations after multiple wasp stings.InterventionsBoth 2 patients received 5 sessions of plasmapheresis, and patient-1 further received mechanical ventilation for 8 days as well as 8 sessions of hemodialysis until day 17.OutcomesBoth patients recovered uneventfully after the aforementioned management. We used RNA-Seq to demonstrate a largely regulated neutrophil-predominated immune response in patient 1. In patient 2, we found a profound neutrophilc response on week 1 and a robust neutrophilic as well as pro-inflammatory responses on week 2. Furthermore, we found increased expression of signals that were associated with renal system process on week 2.ConclusionIn conclusion, we report 2 patients who manifested with shared and distinct presentations after an attack by the same swarm of wasps. Both patients had hemolysis, rhabdomyolysis, hepatic injury and acute kidney injury, and 1 patient had ARDS. The whole transcriptomic analyses were consistent with the distinct clinical manifestation, and these results suggest the potential of RNA-Sequencing to disentangle complex inflammatory responses in patients with multiple wasp stings. Plasmapheresis and corticosteroid were administered to both patients and case 2 also underwent 8 sessions of hemodialysis.

Project description:ObjectivesTo compare the frequency of discrepancies in retracted reports of clinical trials with those in adjacent unretracted reports in the same journal.DesignBlinded case-control study.SettingJournals in PubMed.Population50 manuscripts, classified on PubMed as retracted clinical trials, paired with 50 adjacent unretracted manuscripts from the same journals. Reports were randomly selected from PubMed in December 2012, with no restriction on publication date. Controls were the preceding unretracted clinical trial published in the same journal. All traces of retraction were removed. Three scientists, blinded to the retraction status of individual reports, reviewed all 100 trial reports for discrepancies. Discrepancies were pooled and cross checked before being counted into prespecified categories. Only then was the retraction status unblinded for analysis.Main outcome measureTotal number of discrepancies (defined as mathematically or logically contradictory statements) in each clinical trial report.ResultsOf 479 discrepancies found in the 100 trial reports, 348 were in the 50 retracted reports and 131 in the 50 unretracted reports. On average, individual retracted reports had a greater number of discrepancies than unretracted reports (median 4 (interquartile range 2-8.75) v 0 (0-5); P<0.001). Papers with a discrepancy were significantly more likely to be retracted than those without a discrepancy (odds ratio 5.7 (95% confidence interval 2.2 to 14.5); P<0.001). In particular, three types of discrepancy arose significantly more frequently in retracted than unretracted reports: factual discrepancies (P=0.002), arithmetical errors (P=0.01), and missed P values (P=0.02). Results from a retrospective analysis indicated that citations and journal impact factor were unlikely to affect the result.ConclusionsDiscrepancies in published trial reports should no longer be assumed to be unimportant. Scientists, blinded to retraction status and with no specialist skill in the field, identify significantly more discrepancies in retracted than unretracted reports of clinical trials. Discrepancies could be an early and accessible signal of unreliability in clinical trial reports.

Dataset Information

Nuggets: findings shared in multiple clinical case reports.

Publications

Nuggets: findings shared in multiple clinical case reports.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets