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Aspirin might reduce the incidence of pancreatic cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies.

ABSTRACT: Although there is evidence that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) might be able to prevent pancreatic cancer, the findings from epidemiological studies have been inconsistent. In this paper, we conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies to examine this possibility. We searched PubMed and Embase for observational (cohort or case-control) studies examining the consumption of aspirin and other NSAIDs and the incidence of or mortality rates associated with pancreatic cancer. Twelve studies including approximately 258,000 participants in total were analysed. The administration of aspirin significantly reduced the incidence of pancreatic cancer (8 studies; odds ratio (OR)?=?0.77; 95% confidence interval (CI)?=?0.62 to 0.96; I(2)?=?74.2%) but not the mortality associated with it (2 studies; OR?=?0.94; 95% CI?=?0.73 to 1.22). Specifically, frequent aspirin use was associated with reduced pancreatic cancer incidence (OR?=?0.57; 95% CI?=?0.39 to 0.83 for high frequency; OR?=?0.57; 95% CI?=?0.38 to 0.84 for medium frequency). The summary ORs regarding the incidence of pancreatic cancer and either non-aspirin NSAIDs use (OR?=?1.08; 95% CI?=?0.90 to 1.31) or overall NSAIDs use (OR?=?0.97; 95% CI?=?0.86 to 1.10) were not significant. In conclusion, aspirin use might reduce the incidence of pancreatic cancer; however, this finding should be interpreted with caution because of study heterogeneity.

SUBMITTER: Zhang YP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4614261 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Aspirin might reduce the incidence of pancreatic cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies.

Zhang Yan-Peng YP Wan You-Dong YD Sun Yu-Ling YL Li Jian J Zhu Rong-Tao RT

Scientific reports 20151021

Although there is evidence that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) might be able to prevent pancreatic cancer, the findings from epidemiological studies have been inconsistent. In this paper, we conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies to examine this possibility. We searched PubMed and Embase for observational (cohort or case-control) studies examining the consumption of aspirin and other NSAIDs and the incidence of or mortality rates associated with pancreatic cancer. Twe ...[more]

PMID: 26486090

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Many epidemiologic studies were performed to clarify the protective effect of regular aspirin use on breast cancer risks, but the results remain inconsistent. Here, we conducted an updated meta-analysis of 38 studies to quantitatively assess the association of regular aspirin use with risk of breast cancer. METHOD:We performed a bibliographic database search in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Scopus, and Google Scholar from January 1939 to December 2019. Relative risk (RR) estimates were extracted from eligible case-control and cohort studies and pooled using a random effects model. Subgroup analysis was conducted based on study design, aspirin exposure assessment, hormone receptor status, menopausal status, cancer stage as well as aspirin use duration or frequency. Furthermore, sensitivity and publication bias analyses were performed. RESULTS:Thirty eight studies of 1,926,742 participants involving 97,099 breast cancer cases contributed to this meta-analysis. Compared with nonusers, the aspirin users had a reduced risk of breast cancer (RR?=?0.91, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.87-0.95, P value of significance [Psig]?<?.001) with heterogeneity (P value of heterogeneity [Phet]?<?.001, I?=?82.6%). Subgroup analysis revealed a reduced risk in case-control studies (RR?=?0.83, 95% CI: 0.78-0.89, Psig?<?.001), in hormone receptor positive tumors (RR?=?0.91, 95% CI: 0.88-0.94, Psig?<?.001), in situ breast tumors (RR?=?0.79, 95% CI: 0.71-0.88, Psig?<?.001), and in postmenopausal women (RR?=?0.89, 95% CI: 0.83-0.96, Psig?=?.002). Furthermore, participants who use aspirin for >4 times/wk (RR?=?0.88, 95% CI: 0.82-0.96, Psig?=?.003) or for >10 years (RR?=?0.94, 95% CI: 0.89-0.99, Psig?=?.025) appeared to benefit more from the reduction in breast cancer caused by aspirin. CONCLUSIONS:Our study suggested that aspirin use might be associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer, particularly for reducing the risk of hormone receptor positive tumors or in situ breast tumors, and the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women.

Project description:ObjectiveThe purpose of this paper is to examine cancer incidence in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AASV) derived from population-based cohort studies by means of meta-analysis.MethodsRelevant electronic databases were searched for studies characterizing the associated risk of overall malignancy in patients with AASV. Standardized incidence rates (SIRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the strength of association. We tested for publication bias and heterogeneity and stratified for site-specific cancers.ResultsSix studies (n = 2,578) were eventually identified, of which six provided the SIR for overall malignancy, five reported the SIR for non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), four for leukemia, five for bladder cancer, three for lymphoma, three for liver cancer, four for lung cancer, three for kidney cancer, four for prostate cancer, four for colon cancer and four for breast cancer. Overall, the pooled SIR of cancer in AASV patients was 1.74 (95%CI = 1.37-2.21), with moderate heterogeneity among these studies (I(2) = 65.8%, P = 0.012). In sub-analyses for site-specific cancers, NMSC, leukemia and bladder cancer were more frequently observed in patients with AASV with SIR of 5.18 (95%CI = 3.47-7.73), 4.89 (95%CI = 2.93-8.16) and 3.84 (95%CI = 2.72-5.42) respectively. There was no significant increase in the risk of kidney cancer (SIR = 2.12, 95%CI = 0.66-6.85), prostate cancer (SIR = 1.45, 95%CI = 0.87-2.42), colon cancer (SIR = 1.26, 95%CI = 0.70-2.27), and breast cancer (SIR = 0.95, 95%CI = 0.50-1.79). Among these site-specific cancers, only NMSC showed moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 55.8%, P = 0.06). No publication bias was found by using the Begg's test and Egger's test.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis shows that AASV patients treatment with cyclophosphamide (CYC) are at increased risk of late-occurring malignancies, particularly of the NMSC, leukemia and bladder cancer. However, there is no significant association between AASV and kidney cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer and breast cancer. These findings emphasize monitoring and preventative management in AASV patients after cessation of CYC therapy is momentous.

Project description:BackgroundEpidemiological evidence suggests that use of aspirin after the diagnosis of colorectal cancer can lengthen survival. However, the supporting data vary between studies, and this hypothesis remains controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to provide a quantitative assessment of the association between use of aspirin after diagnosis of colorectal cancer and patient survival.MethodsWe searched the Medline and Embase databases up to April 2014 to identify studies related to aspirin use after diagnosis and all-cause mortality or colorectal cancer-specific mortality. Summary effect estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived using a fixed or random effects model, depending on the heterogeneity between the included studies.ResultsSeven epidemiologic studies that consisted of six cohort studies and one nested case-control study were included in this meta-analysis. The hazard ratio (HR) of the association between aspirin use after colorectal cancer diagnosis and overall mortality, which was reported in five studies, was 0.74 (95% CI, 0.62-0.89) using a random model (heterogeneity test P=0.003, I(2)=75.3%), and for colorectal cancer-specific mortality (four studies), it was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.51-1.10) using a random model (heterogeneity test P=0.001, I(2)=84.1%). In addition, we analysed postdiagnosis aspirin use according to whether aspirin was also used before diagnosis. The HR for the overall mortality of patients who did not use aspirin before diagnosis, which was reported in four studies, was 0.84 (95% CI, 0.70-1.00), and for colorectal cancer-specific mortality (three studies), it was 0.79 (95% CI, 0.61-1.02). For those who did use aspirin before diagnosis, the HR for overall mortality (four studies) was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.83-0.93), and for colorectal cancer-specific mortality (three studies), it was 0.80 (95% CI, 0.59-1.09). Subgroup analysis showed that use of aspirin after diagnosis was associated with longer overall survival among patients with the variant PIK3CA gene but not for those with wild-type PIK3CA.ConclusionsBased on current evidence, the use of aspirin after diagnosis does not reduce colorectal cancer-specific mortality, but it does reduce all-cause mortality for colorectal cancer patients.

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Aspirin might reduce the incidence of pancreatic cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies.

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Aspirin might reduce the incidence of pancreatic cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies.

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