Dataset Information

Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Role of the Immune System and Potential for Immunotherapy.

ABSTRACT: As the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, lung cancer continues to impose a major burden on healthcare systems and cause significant challenges for clinicians and patients. Most patients present with advanced disease at the time of diagnosis and have a poor prognosis, with the vast majority surviving less than 5 years. Although new therapies have been introduced in recent years that target molecular disease drivers present in a subset of patients, there is a significant need for treatments able to improve response and extend survival while minimizing effects on quality of life. Recent evidence of clinical efficacy for immunotherapeutic approaches for lung cancer suggests that they will become the next major therapeutic advance for this disease. Non-small-cell lung cancer, which accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancer cases, has historically been considered a nonimmunogenic disease; however, as with several other malignancies, recent data show that much of this lack of immune responsiveness is functional rather than structural (i.e., possible to overcome therapeutically). This review explores the key elements of the immune system involved in non-small-cell lung cancer and briefly examines immunotherapeutic strategies in development to shift the balance of immune activity away from a tumor-induced immune-suppressive state toward an active antitumor immune response.

SUBMITTER: Carbone DP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4618296 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Role of the Immune System and Potential for Immunotherapy.

Carbone David P DP Gandara David R DR Antonia Scott J SJ Zielinski Christoph C Paz-Ares Luis L

Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer 20150701 7

As the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, lung cancer continues to impose a major burden on healthcare systems and cause significant challenges for clinicians and patients. Most patients present with advanced disease at the time of diagnosis and have a poor prognosis, with the vast majority surviving less than 5 years. Although new therapies have been introduced in recent years that target molecular disease drivers present in a subset of patients, there is a significant need for treatments ...[more]

PMID: 26134219

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was usually associated with poor prognosis and invalid therapeutical response to immunotherapy due to biological heterogeneity. It is urgent to screen reliable biomarkers, especially immunotherapy-associated biomarkers, that can predict outcomes of these patients.MethodsGene expression profiles of 1026 NSCLC patients were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets with their corresponding clinical and somatic mutation data. Based on immune infiltration scores, molecular clustering classification was performed to identify immune subtypes in NSCLC. After the functional enrichment analysis of subtypes, hub genes were further screened using univariate Cox, Lasso, and multivariate Cox regression analysis, and the risk score was defined to construct the prognostic model. Other microarray data and corresponding clinical information of 603 NSCLC patients from the GEO datasets were applied to conduct random forest models for the prognosis of NSCLC with 100 runs of cross-validation. Finally, external datasets with immunotherapy and chemotherapy were further applied to explore the significance of risk-scores in clinical immunotherapy response for NSCLC patients.ResultsCompared with Subtype-B, the Subtype-A, associated with better outcomes, was characterized by significantly higher stromal and immune scores, T lymphocytes infiltration scores and up-regulation of immunotherapy markers. In addition, we found and validated an eleven -gene signatures for better application of distinguishing high- and low-risk NSCLC patients and predict patients' prognosis and therapeutical response to immunotherapy. Furthermore, combined with other clinical characteristics based on multivariate Cox regression analysis, we successfully constructed and validated a nomogram to effectively predict the survival rate of NSCLC patients. External immunotherapy and chemotherapy cohorts validated the patients with higher risk-scores exhibited significant therapeutic response and clinical benefits.ConclusionThese results demonstrated the immunological and prognostic heterogeneity within NSCLC and provided a new clinical application in predicting the prognosis and benefits of immunotherapy for the disease.

Dataset Information

Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Role of the Immune System and Potential for Immunotherapy.

Publications

Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Role of the Immune System and Potential for Immunotherapy.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets