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The Development of Functional Overreaching Is Associated with a Faster Heart Rate Recovery in Endurance Athletes.

ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to investigate whether heart rate recovery (HRR) may represent an effective marker of functional overreaching (f-OR) in endurance athletes.Thirty-one experienced male triathletes were tested (10 control and 21 overload subjects) before (Pre), and immediately after an overload training period (Mid) and after a 2-week taper (Post). Physiological responses were assessed during an incremental cycling protocol to exhaustion, including heart rate, catecholamine release and blood lactate concentration. Ten participants from the overload group developed signs of f-OR at Mid (i.e. -2.1 ± 0.8% change in performance associated with concomitant high perceived fatigue). Additionally, only the f-OR group demonstrated a 99% chance of increase in HRR during the overload period (+8 ± 5 bpm, large effect size). Concomitantly, this group also revealed a >80% chance of decreasing blood lactate (-11 ± 14%, large), plasma norepinephrine (-12 ± 37%, small) and plasma epinephrine peak concentrations (-51 ± 22%, moderate). These blood measures returned to baseline levels at Post. HRR change was negatively correlated to changes in performance, peak HR and peak blood metabolites concentrations.These findings suggest that i) a faster HRR is not systematically associated with improved physical performance, ii) changes in HRR should be interpreted in the context of the specific training phase, the athletes perceived level of fatigue and the performance response; and, iii) the faster HRR associated with f-OR may be induced by a decreased central command and by a lower chemoreflex activity.

SUBMITTER: Aubry A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4619310 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Development of Functional Overreaching Is Associated with a Faster Heart Rate Recovery in Endurance Athletes.

Aubry Anaël A Hausswirth Christophe C Louis Julien J Coutts Aaron J AJ Buchheit Martin M Le Meur Yann Y

PloS one 20151021 10

<h4>Purpose</h4>The aim of the study was to investigate whether heart rate recovery (HRR) may represent an effective marker of functional overreaching (f-OR) in endurance athletes.<h4>Methods and results</h4>Thirty-one experienced male triathletes were tested (10 control and 21 overload subjects) before (Pre), and immediately after an overload training period (Mid) and after a 2-week taper (Post). Physiological responses were assessed during an incremental cycling protocol to exhaustion, includi ...[more]

PMID: 26488766

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Project description:BACKGROUND:The ability to recover in the shortest possible time plays an important role especially in intermittent sports such as soccer. Evidence suggests that a well-developed endurance performance has positive effects on the repeated-sprint ability and thus also on the short-term recovery. However, it has not been clarified whether these relationships still exist in a soccer-specific situation. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the ability of semi-professional soccer players to recover during standardized small-sided games (SSGs) as an endurance performance indicator. METHODS:Eighteen male semi-professional soccer players (age, 23.5 ± 3.7?years) performed an incremental treadmill test (ITT) to determine their running velocity and heart rate at a fixed lactate threshold of 4?mmol?L-1 (v4). Two days later, the players carried out six bouts of 4 vs. 4 SSGs (duration, 90?s; load to rest ratio, 1:1). A GPS-based tracking system was used to determine distances covered at four fixed speed zones (i.e., < 7.2?km/h, 7.2-14.4?km/h, 14.4-19.8?km/h, > 19.8?km/h) and total distance covered during the SSGs. Furthermore, the frequency of occurrence of accelerations (> 1.54?m?s-2) was calculated. SSGs' internal load was quantified by average heart rate and blood lactate concentration after the SSGs. Their recovery ability was evaluated using heart rate recovery (HRR) after the last bout of the SSGs. RESULTS:A very large correlation (r = -?.91) with an explained variance of 84% was found between HRR and v4. Further, a better performance in the ITT was also related with a higher number of accelerations executed during SSGs (r = .60). The total distance and distances in predefined speed zones did not show any association to v4. CONCLUSIONS:This study showed a strong relationship between HRR after standardized 4 vs. 4 SSGs and the soccer players' endurance performance in a laboratory setting. Thus, besides being associated with endurance capacity, v4 seems sufficient to evaluate the sport-specific ability to recover in soccer players.

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The Development of Functional Overreaching Is Associated with a Faster Heart Rate Recovery in Endurance Athletes.

Publications

The Development of Functional Overreaching Is Associated with a Faster Heart Rate Recovery in Endurance Athletes.

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