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Consumption of meat is associated with higher fasting glucose and insulin concentrations regardless of glucose and insulin genetic risk scores: a meta-analysis of 50,345 Caucasians.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Recent studies suggest that meat intake is associated with diabetes-related phenotypes. However, whether the associations of meat intake and glucose and insulin homeostasis are modified by genes related to glucose and insulin is unknown. OBJECTIVE:We investigated the associations of meat intake and the interaction of meat with genotype on fasting glucose and insulin concentrations in Caucasians free of diabetes mellitus. DESIGN:Fourteen studies that are part of the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium participated in the analysis. Data were provided for up to 50,345 participants. Using linear regression within studies and a fixed-effects meta-analysis across studies, we examined 1) the associations of processed meat and unprocessed red meat intake with fasting glucose and insulin concentrations; and 2) the interactions of processed meat and unprocessed red meat with genetic risk score related to fasting glucose or insulin resistance on fasting glucose and insulin concentrations. RESULTS:Processed meat was associated with higher fasting glucose, and unprocessed red meat was associated with both higher fasting glucose and fasting insulin concentrations after adjustment for potential confounders [not including body mass index (BMI)]. For every additional 50-g serving of processed meat per day, fasting glucose was 0.021 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.011, 0.030 mmol/L) higher. Every additional 100-g serving of unprocessed red meat per day was associated with a 0.037-mmol/L (95% CI: 0.023, 0.051-mmol/L) higher fasting glucose concentration and a 0.049-ln-pmol/L (95% CI: 0.035, 0.063-ln-pmol/L) higher fasting insulin concentration. After additional adjustment for BMI, observed associations were attenuated and no longer statistically significant. The association of processed meat and fasting insulin did not reach statistical significance after correction for multiple comparisons. Observed associations were not modified by genetic loci known to influence fasting glucose or insulin resistance. CONCLUSION:The association of higher fasting glucose and insulin concentrations with meat consumption was not modified by an index of glucose- and insulin-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Six of the participating studies are registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT0000513 (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities), NCT00149435 (Cardiovascular Health Study), NCT00005136 (Family Heart Study), NCT00005121 (Framingham Heart Study), NCT00083369 (Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network), and NCT00005487 (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).

SUBMITTER: Fretts AM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4625584 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Consumption of meat is associated with higher fasting glucose and insulin concentrations regardless of glucose and insulin genetic risk scores: a meta-analysis of 50,345 Caucasians.

Fretts Amanda M AM Follis Jack L JL Nettleton Jennifer A JA Lemaitre Rozenn N RN Ngwa Julius S JS Wojczynski Mary K MK Kalafati Ioanna Panagiota IP Varga Tibor V TV Frazier-Wood Alexis C AC Houston Denise K DK Lahti Jari J Ericson Ulrika U van den Hooven Edith H EH Mikkilä Vera V Kiefte-de Jong Jessica C JC Mozaffarian Dariush D Rice Kenneth K Renström Frida F North Kari E KE McKeown Nicola M NM Feitosa Mary F MF Kanoni Stavroula S Smith Caren E CE Garcia Melissa E ME Tiainen Anna-Maija AM Sonestedt Emily E Manichaikul Ani A van Rooij Frank J A FJ Dimitriou Maria M Raitakari Olli O Pankow James S JS Djoussé Luc L Province Michael A MA Hu Frank B FB Lai Chao-Qiang CQ Keller Margaux F MF Perälä Mia-Maria MM Rotter Jerome I JI Hofman Albert A Graff Misa M Kähönen Mika M Mukamal Kenneth K Johansson Ingegerd I Ordovas Jose M JM Liu Yongmei Y Männistö Satu S Uitterlinden André G AG Deloukas Panos P Seppälä Ilkka I Psaty Bruce M BM Cupples L Adrienne LA Borecki Ingrid B IB Franks Paul W PW Arnett Donna K DK Nalls Mike A MA Eriksson Johan G JG Orho-Melander Marju M Franco Oscar H OH Lehtimäki Terho T Dedoussis George V GV Meigs James B JB Siscovick David S DS

The American journal of clinical nutrition 20150909 5

<h4>Background</h4>Recent studies suggest that meat intake is associated with diabetes-related phenotypes. However, whether the associations of meat intake and glucose and insulin homeostasis are modified by genes related to glucose and insulin is unknown.<h4>Objective</h4>We investigated the associations of meat intake and the interaction of meat with genotype on fasting glucose and insulin concentrations in Caucasians free of diabetes mellitus.<h4>Design</h4>Fourteen studies that are part of t ...[more]

PMID: 26354543

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Project description:BackgroundDiabetes is associated with higher fracture risk despite higher bone mineral density (BMD), with FRAX® underestimating risk. This study aimed to investigate FRAX score with and without BMD for women with normoglycaemia, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes.MethodsAmong 566 women, aged 40-90?years, enrolled in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study, IFG was defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ?5.5?mmol/L and diabetes as FPG???7.0?mmol/L, use of antihyperglycaemic medication and/or self-report. FRAX (Australia) 10-year probabilities of major osteoporotic (MOF) and hip fracture were calculated, with and without BMD, producing four FRAX scores per participant. Kruskal-Wallis test for non-parametric data was used to examine differences between the three glycaemia groups. Fractures over 10?years were ascertained using radiological reports. The number of fractures predicted by FRAX was compared with the number of fractures observed using Chi-square tests.ResultsFor MOF FRAX calculated without BMD, women with diabetes (n?=?67) tended to have a higher median score 7.1 (IQR 2.7-12.0) than normoglycaemia (n?=?252) (4.3 (IQR 1.9-9.9) and IFG (n?=?247) (5.1 (IQR 2.2-9.6)). For hip FRAX without BMD, diabetes tended to have a higher score (2.5 (IQR 06-4.3)) than normoglycaemia (1.2 (IQR 0.3-4.1)) and IFG (1.3 (IQR 0.3-4.1)). In the normoglycaemia and IFG groups, MOFs were underestimated; 15 predicted vs 28 observed, p?=?0.038; and 16 predicted vs 31 observed, p?=?0.021, respectively. Fractures were accurately estimated in all other groups.When including BMD, the association with diabetes was non-significant for both MOF FRAX (normoglycaemia 3.7 (IQR 1.9-8.0), IFG 4.3 (IQR 2.2-8.1) and diabetes 5.3 (IQR 2.7-9.4)) and hip FRAX scores (normoglycaemia 0.6 (IQR 0.2-2.5), IFG 0.8 (IQR 0.2-2.7) and diabetes 1.0 (IQR 0.3-3.0)). For normoglycaemia and IFG, MOFs were underestimated (normoglycaemia: 13 predicted vs 28 observed and IFG: 13 vs 31). For diabetes, both MOFs and hip fractures tended to be underestimated by FRAX with BMD (MOF: 4 predicted vs 11 observed, p?=?0.055, hip: 1 predicted vs 6 observed, p?=?0.052). Hip fractures were accurately estimated in the normoglycaemia and IFG groups.ConclusionsCompared with women who had normoglycaemia or IFG, women with diabetes tended to have a higher FRAX score for both MOF and hip fractures when BMD was not included. When BMD was included, there was no difference. Fractures in diabetes tended to be underestimated by FRAX with BMD. This suggests that FRAX calculations including BMD may not be accurate for estimating fractures in those with diabetes.

Dataset Information

Consumption of meat is associated with higher fasting glucose and insulin concentrations regardless of glucose and insulin genetic risk scores: a meta-analysis of 50,345 Caucasians.

Publications

Consumption of meat is associated with higher fasting glucose and insulin concentrations regardless of glucose and insulin genetic risk scores: a meta-analysis of 50,345 Caucasians.

Similar Datasets

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